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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Mar 9.
Published in final edited form as: Soc Work Health Care. 2020 Mar 9;59(3):199–217. doi: 10.1080/00981389.2020.1737305

Table 2.

Bivariate relationships between study variables and race/ethnicity.

African Americans
Black Caribbeans
Non-Hispanic Whites
% (M) N (S.D.) % (M) N (S.D.) % (M) N (S.D.) X2/F
Gender
 Male 42.4 170 49.4 68 45.4 84 0.4
 Female 57.6 286 50.6 99 54.6 155
Age 66.22 8.38 64.51 8.06 66.52 8.6 1.31
Income 35498 40646 44520 33092 41539 49425 0.95
Education 11.83 3.51 11.91 3.33 12.75 2.7 2.52
Marital Status
 Unmarried 62.6 324 46.1 96 49.6 150 5.18**
 Married 37.4 132 53.9 71 50.4 89
Insurance Status
 No Insurance 7.5 38 7.2 14 3.7 12 7.91***
 Public coverage 33.7 174 26.2 38 15.4 39
 Private coverage 58.8 244 66.6 115 80.9 188
Religious Service Attendance 4.17 1.22 4.14 1.34 3.83 1.41 7.99***
Type of Problem 
 Physical 22.9 94 24.1 36 19 44 21.94*
 Interpersonal 17.6 86 15.3 36 29.2 58
 Emotional 11.2 43 28.4 16 16.3 37
 Bereavement 34.4 157 19.9 34 24.1 64
 Economic 14 59 12.4 36 11.5 28
Professional Service Use
 Any Professional 52.4 240 42.2 70 67.5 152 10.85***
 # of Professionals 0.89 1.08 0.81 1.03 1.34 1.24 6.82**
Type of professional
 Psychiatrist 8.6 36 13.8 10 15.2 30 3.09*
 Other mental health 8.4 37 13.8 10 21.2 38 6.52**
 Family Doctor 31.8 146 18.2 40 37.1 78 2.06
 Clergy 26.8 130 20.9 36 34.2 88 2.74
a

Percents are weighted; frequencies are unweighted. M= Mean, S.D. = Standard Deviation

Percents and N’s are presented for categorical variables.

Means and Standard Deviations are presented for continuous variables.

Rao-Scott X2 is used with categorical Variables and F test is used with continuous variables.

*

p < .05

**

p < .01

***

p < .001