Response option	Criteria
Low risk of bias (the study is comparable to a well‐performed randomized trial).	The study is at low risk of bias for all domains.
Moderate risk of bias (the study appears to provide sound evidence for a non‐randomized study but cannot be considered comparable to a well‐performed randomized trial).	The study is at low or moderate risk of bias for all domains.
Serious risk of bias (the study has some important problems).	The study is at serious risk of bias in ≥ 1 domain, but not at critical risk of bias in any domain.
Critical risk of bias (the study is too problematic to provide any useful evidence and should not be included in any synthesis).	The study is at critical risk of bias in ≥ 1 domain.
No information on which to base a judgement about risk of bias.	There is no clear indication that the study is at serious or critical risk of bias and there is a lack of information in ≥ 1 key domains of bias.
Sterne 2016.