Table 1. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes of V. cholerae isolates from eastern DRC.
| Maniema province | |||||||||||||||||||
| 2016 (n = 2) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Serotype | PXB | AMP | CHL | NA | CIP | SXT | gyrA (S83I) | parC (S85L) | APH3-DPRIME | APH6 | drfA | dhfr | floR | SulI | ICEVchBan5 | qnrVC | SulII | carB | |
| O1 Inaba | 0 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / |
| O1 Ogawa | 2 | 100% | 0% | 0% | 100% | 50% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Non-O1/non-O139 | 0 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / |
| North-Kivu province | |||||||||||||||||||
| 2014 (n = 3) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Serotype | PXB | AMP | CHL | NA | CIP | SXT | gyrA (S83I) | parC (S85L) | APH3-DPRIME | APH6 | drfA | dhfr | floR | SulI | ICEVchBan5 | qnrVC | SulII | carB | |
| O1 Inaba | 3 | 100% | 0% | 0% | 100% | 0% | 100% | 100% | 33% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| O1 Ogawa | 0 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / |
| Non-O1/non-O139 | 0 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / |
| 2015 (n = 25) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Serotype | PXB | AMP | CHL | NA | CIP | SXT | gyrA (S83I) | parC (S85L) | APH3-DPRIME | APH6 | drfA | dhfr | floR | SulI | ICEVchBan5 | qnrVC | SulII | carB | |
| O1 Inaba | 20 | 100% | 0% | 0% | 100% | 0% | 100% | 100% | 5% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| O1 Ogawa | 0 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / |
| Non-O1/non-O139 | 5 | 100% | 40% | 0% | 100% | 0% | 100% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 80% | 80% | 20% |
| 2016 (n = 1) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Serotype | PXB | AMP | CHL | NA | CIP | SXT | gyrA (S83I) | parC (S85L) | APH3-DPRIME | APH6 | drfA | dhfr | floR | SulI | ICEVchBan5 | qnrVC | SulII | 0% | |
| O1 Inaba | 1 | 100% | 0% | 0% | 100% | 0% | 100% | 100% | 0% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| O1 Ogawa | 0 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / |
| Non-O1/non-O139 | 0 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / |
| Sud-Kivu province | |||||||||||||||||||
| 2014 (n = 17) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Serotype | PXB | AMP | CHL | NA | CIP | SXT | gyrA (S83I) | parC (S85L) | APH3-DPRIME | APH6 | drfA | dhfr | floR | SulI | ICEVchBan5 | qnrVC | SulII | carB | |
| O1 Inaba | 3 | 100% | 0% | 0% | 100% | 0% | 100% | 100% | 0% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| O1 Ogawa | 14 | 100% | 18% | 0% | 100% | 12% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Non-O1/non-O139 | 0 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / |
| 2015 (n = 10) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Serotype | PXB | AMP | CHL | NA | CIP | SXT | gyrA (S83I) | parC (S85L) | APH3-DPRIME | APH6 | drfA | dhfr | floR | SulI | ICEVchBan5 | qnrVC | SulII | carB | |
| O1 Inaba | 3 | 100% | 0% | 0% | 100% | 0% | 100% | 100% | 0% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| O1 Ogawa | 7 | 100% | 0% | 0% | 100% | 14% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Non-O1/non-O139 | 0 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / |
| 2016 (n = 18) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Serotype | PXB | AMP | CHL | NA | CIP | SXT | gyrA (S83I) | parC (S85L) | APH3-DPRIME | APH6 | drfA | dhfr | floR | SulI | ICEVchBan5 | qnrVC | SulII | carB | |
| O1 Inaba | 3 | 100% | 0% | 0% | 100% | 0% | 100% | 100% | % | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 0% | 0% | 0% | |
| O1 Ogawa | 15 | 100% | 0% | 0% | 100% | 20% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Non-O1/non-O139 | 0 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / |
| 2017 (n = 2) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Serotype | PXB | AMP | CHL | NA | CIP | SXT | gyrA (S83I) | parC (S85L) | APH3-DPRIME | APH6 | drfA | dhfr | floR | SulI | ICEVchBan5 | qnrVC | SulII | carB | |
| O1 Inaba | 2 | 100% | 0% | 0% | 100% | 0% | 100% | 100% | 0% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| O1 Ogawa | 0 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / |
| Non-O1/non-O139 | 0 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / | / |
PXB: Polymyxin B; AMP: Ampicillin; CHL: Chloramphenicol; CIP: Ciprofloxacin; SXT: Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim. AMR resistance is expressed as the percentage of resistant isolates of V. cholerae. AMR genes are in bold and in italic