. 2020 Apr 8;66(5):686–696. doi: 10.1093/clinchem/hvaa051

Table 2.

Median (25th, 75th percentiles) cardiac, kidney, glycemic, and inflammatory biomarkers according to diagnosed diabetes and peripheral neuropathy status, Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) visit 6 (2016–2017).

Marker	No diabetes		Diagnosed diabetes
	No PN	PN	No PN	PN
Cardiac
hs-Troponin T, ng/L	10.0 (8.0, 14.0)	15.0 (10.0, 22.0)^a	12.0 (8.0, 18.0)	17.0 (11.0, 24.0)^a
NT-proBNP, pg/mL	140.6 (72.7, 273.3)	179.9 (90.2, 397.0)^a	135.0 (65.2, 304.0)	172.5 (66.8, 421.4)^a
GDF15, pg/mL	1470.5 (1150.0, 1947.0)	1703.5 (1309.0, 2269.0)^a	1966.5 (1436.0, 2866.0)	2349.5 (1616.5, 3298.5)^a
Kidney
Serum creatinine, mg/dL^b	0.9 (0.8, 1.0)	1.0 (0.8, 1.1)^a	0.9 (0.8, 1.1)	1.0 (0.9, 1.3)^a
Cystatin C, mg/L	1.1 (1.0, 1.3)	1.2 (1.0, 1.4)^a	1.2 (1.0, 1.4)	1.3 (1.1, 1.5)^a
β-2 microglobulin, mg/L	2.2 (1.9, 2.7)	2.4 (2.0, 3.0)^a	2.5 (2.0, 3.1)	2.7 (2.2, 3.3)^a
Urine albumin: creatinine ratio, mg/g	5.9 (3.1, 12.3)	7.8 (3.7, 22.4)^a	9.2 (4.1, 28.0)	11.6 (4.3, 35.0)^a
Glycemic
Fasting glucose, mg/dL^c	95.0 (90.0, 102.0)	97.0 (91.0, 104.0)^a	114.0 (99.0, 139.0)	123.5 (101.0, 152.0)^a
Hb A1c, %	5.6 (5.4, 5.9)	5.7 (5.5, 5.9)^a	6.3 (5.9, 7.0)	6.7 (6.0, 7.3)^a
Fructosamine, µmol/L	238.0 (225.0, 254.0)	241.0 (227.0, 256.0)^a	261.0 (239.0, 288.0)	270.0 (248.5, 304.0)^a
Glycated albumin, %	13.0 (12.0, 14.0)	13.0 (12.0, 14.0)^a	14.0 (13.0, 17.0)	15.0 (14.0, 17.5)^a
1,5-anhydroglucitol, ug/mL	16.8 (12.4, 20.7)	17.2 (12.3, 21.4)	13.6 (7.9, 18.5)	12.6 (7.5, 17.6)
Inflammation
hs-CRP, mg/L	1.6 (0.7, 3.3)	1.8 (0.8, 3.4)	1.9 (0.9, 4.1)	2.5 (1.0, 4.8)

P < 0.05, with vs without PN.

To convert mg/dL to mmol/L, multiply by 0.088 for creatinine.

To convert mg/dL to mmol/L, multiply by 5.55 for glucose.