Table 5.

Multinomial logistic regression estimates of destination choice. All respondents included (4406 people). Reference outcome is WWA.

	Model 5				Model 6
Measures	No Move	Within Nepal	India	Persian Gulf	No Move	Within Nepal	India	Persian Gulf
*Caste/ethnicity*
Brahmin-Chhetri	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Newar	1.96⁺ (1.37)	2.71^* (1.94)	3.76^* (2.06)	1.16 (.22)	1.73 (1.09)	2.47^* (1.71)	2.73⁺ (1.52)	0.92 (.11)
Hill Janajati	1.87^* (1.82)	1.85^* (1.66)	5.51^*** (3.99)	2.56^* (2.28)	1.33 (.79)	1.31 (.70)	2.74^* (2.23)	1.53 (.98)
Dalit	2.64^* (2.16)	1.95⁺ (1.39)	4.58^** (2.82)	5.12^*** (3.30)	1.40 (.71)	1.02 (.03)	1.45 (.64)	2.01⁺ (1.30)
Terai Janajati	3.55^*** (3.35)	1.53 (1.04)	2.24⁺ (1.64)	1.71 (1.21)	1.96^* (1.67)	0.80 (.51)	0.80 (.42)	0.67 (.83)
*Individual characteristics*
Gender (1=female)	5.91^*** (6.62)	6.35^*** (6.42)	1.96⁺ (1.90)	0.40^* (2.47)	5.23^*** (5.65)	6.19^*** (5.82)	1.57 (1.16)	0.37^** (2.63)
Age: 14–19	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
20–24	0.29^** (3.03)	0.27^** (3.11)	0.24^** (3.05)	0.95 (.10)	0.33^** (2.63)	0.32^** (2.57)	0.36^* (2.02)	1.21 (.36)
25–29	0.62 (.96)	0.27^* (2.43)	0.18^* (2.56)	2.23 (1.32)	0.72 (.64)	0.30^* (2.14)	0.25^* (1.98)	2.69 (1.55)
30–34	1.33 (.52)	0.31⁺ (1.94)	0.14^* (2.57)	2.26 (1.22)	1.45 (.65)	0.31⁺ (1.86)	0.18^* (2.16)	2.27 (1.17)
35–39	2.34 (1.37)	0.27⁺ (1.88)	0.15^* (2.28)	2.20 (1.06)	2.36 (1.33)	0.25⁺ (1.91)	0.18^* (1.98)	1.99 (.88)
40–63	14.5^*** (4.49)	1.08 (.12)	0.15^* (2.28)	1.08 (.10)	10.6^*** (3.71)	0.76 (.39)	0.13^* (2.33)	0.68 (.48)
Ever married	0.61 (1.47)	0.28^*** (3.46)	0.50 (1.54)	0.77 (.64)	0.56⁺ (1.72)	0.24^*** (3.84)	0.34^* (2.30)	0.55 (1.41)
Personal migration experience
No migration	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Domestic only	0.37^** (3.18)	1.10 (.27)	0.33⁺ (1.76)	0.58 (1.33)	0.34^*** (3.34)	0.96 (.12)	0.27^* (2.04)	0.43⁺ (1.93)
Any International	0.20^*** (4.52)	0.52 (1.56)	3.03^** (2.63)	0.92 (.20)	0.15^*** (4.86)	0.31^* (2.57)	2.17 (1.39)	0.49 (1.55)
Education: no school					Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
1–5 years					0.63 (.54)	0.88 (.15)	1.11 (.10)	0.84 (.18)
6–8 years					0.38 (1.20)	0.47 (.90)	0.67 (.41)	0.51 (.74)
9–10 years					0.45 (.96)	0.60 (.60)	.50 (.67)	0.37 (1.05)
11+ years					0.29 (1.57)	0.27 (1.54)	0.14⁺ (1.93)	0.16^* (2.02)
Work experience: None					Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Wage work only					2.24^* (1.98)	2.58^* (2.24)	3.86^** (2.84)	3.82^** (2.85)
Any salary work					1.61 (1.42)	3.00^** (2.93)	1.71 (1.07)	3.35^** (2.90)
*Household characteristics*
Total # of HH members	0.94 (.63)	0.94 (.64)	0.94 (.46)	1.16 (1.41)	0.99 (.07)	0.98 (.24)	1.00 (.01)	1.24⁺ (1.89)
Log % HH member migration	0.65^** (3.20)	0.66^** (2.94)	0.65^* (2.50)	0.60^*** (3.35)	0.71^* (2.55)	0.71^* (2.38)	0.72⁺ (1.88)	0.66^** (2.64)
Household Resources					0.90 (1.38)	0.94 (.69)	0.86 (1.48)	0.94 (.70)
Relative HH Resources:
Lower Third					Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Middle Third					1.20 (.48)	1.06 (.14)	1.27 (.49)	1.24 (.47)
Upper Third					0.97 (.06)	0.80 (.46)	1.28 (.42)	0.83 (.38)
*Neighborhood characteristics*
Distance to Narayanghat (miles)	1.08^* (2.35)	1.05 (1.55)	1.19^*** (4.04)	1.14^*** (3.48)	1.08^* (2.29)	1.05 (1.50)	1.18^*** (3.79)	1.15^*** (3.40)
Log % NBH member migration	3.46^*** (3.65)	1.28 (.68)	1.15 (.29)	0.90 (.25)	3.56^*** (3.58)	1.32 (.74)	1.21 (.38)	0.93 (.16)

Number of Non-Moves or Moves	3684	376	103	155	3684	376	103	155

*Fit Statistics*
	AIC: 5677.56				AIC: 5677.56
	−2 Log L: 5669.56				−2 Log L: 5669.56

Odds ratios (OR) shown. Z-statistics in parentheses.

Significance:

⁺

p<0.10

p<0.05

^**

p<0.01

^***

p<0.001

One-tailed tests for caste/ethnicity, two- tailed tests for controls.