Table 1. Clinical characteristics of the study participants at baseline.
| Characteristics | SRP | SRPAT | Control | Total | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 10 (50.00) | 10 (50.00) | 10 (50.00) | 30 (50.00) | - | |
| Female | 10 (50.00) | 10 (50.00) | 10 (50.00) | 30 (50.00) | - | |
| Age (years) | 71.15±8.61 | 72.45±8.20 | 74.15±7.21 | 72.58±7.99 | 0.645a) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.17±2.14 | 24.57±2.97 | 24.15±2.55 | 24.30±2.54 | 0.748a) | |
| HbA1c (%) | 6.64±0.29 | 6.68±0.23 | 6.76±0.39 | 6.69±0.31 | 0.379a) | |
| IL-1β (pg/ml) | 0.73±0.83 | 0.66±0.83 | 0.59±0.47 | 0.66±0.72 | 0.931a) | |
| Endotoxin level (EU/mL) | 1.48±1.29 | 1.70±1.35 | 1.49±0.94 | 1.56±1.19 | 0.866a) | |
| No. of teeth | 25.50±2.54 | 24.75±3.43 | 25.05±2.89 | 25.10±2.94 | 0.819a) | |
| Decayed teeth | 0.10±0.31 | 0.20±0.52 | 0.20±0.62 | 0.17±0.49 | 0.861a) | |
| Missing teeth | 2.20±2.46 | 2.35±3.27 | 2.10±2.71 | 2.22±2.79 | 0.962a) | |
| Filled teeth | 1.85±2.52 | 2.70±3.11 | 3.15±4.31 | 2.57±3.38 | 0.589a) | |
| DMFT | 4.15±3.51 | 5.25±4.81 | 5.45±5.84 | 4.95±4.77 | 0.836a) | |
| PD | 3.32±0.29 | 3.42±0.67 | 3.44±0.48 | 3.39±0.50 | 0.705b) | |
| PD ≥4 mm sitesc) | 4.60±2.46 | 4.85±3.30 | 4.15±2.52 | 4.53±2.75 | 0.724b) | |
| CI | 3.30±2.74 | 3.05±1.32 | 3.10±1.07 | 3.15±1.83 | 0.688a) | |
| BOP rate (%) | 18.93±15.76 | 22.25±15.96 | 21.29±15.44 | 20.82±15.52 | 0.790b) | |
Data shown are number (%) or mean±standard deviation.
SRP: scaling and root planing, SRPAT: scaling and root planing with additional toothbrushing, BMI: body mass index, Hb: haemoglobin, IL: interleukin, DMFT: decayed, missing, filled teeth, PD: pocket depth, CI: calculus index, BOP: bleeding on probing.
a)P value was determined by the Kruskal-Wallis test for continuous variables. b)P value was determined by 1-way analysis of variance for continuous variables. c)PD ≥ 4 mm sites: number of sites with a periodontal pocket depth of 4 mm or more.