Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2019 Jun 3;17(5):496–506. doi: 10.1038/s41423-019-0243-z

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 6 — T-helper type 1 (Th2) lipid antigens disturb the polarization of the microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) by reducing Cdc42 expression in invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells. a, b Influences of ZCL278 (100 μM) on MTOC polarization, intracellular interleukin-4 (IL4) polarization (a), and the distance from the MTOC to the synaptic interface (SI) (b) in iNKT cells activated by α-galactosylceramide (αGC)-pulsed RBL.CD1d cells for 4 h. ZCL278 was added to the culture medium in the last 30 min. Scale bars, 2 μm. Data are representative of three independent experiments (a) or are presented as the mean ± SEM of more than 45 cells per group (b). c, d Cdc42-GTP and total Cdc42 levels in iNKT cells activated by the indicated lipid antigen-pulsed RBL.CD1d cells for 4 h. Data are representative of three independent experiments. e Influence of MG132 (5 μM) on the Cdc42 level in iNKT cells activated by OCH-pulsed RBL.CD1d cells. Data are representative of three independent experiments. f–k Influences of MG132 (5 μM) on the polarization of the MTOC and IL4 (f, i), the distance from the MTOC to the SI (g, j), and the frequency of iNKT cells with polarized secretion (h, k) after activation by the indicated antigen-pulsed RBL.CD1d cells for 4 h. Scale bars, 2 μm. Data are representative of three independent experiments (f, i), are presented as the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments (h, k), or are presented as the mean ± SEM of more than 50 cells per group (g, j). l, m IL4 secretory sites (l) and the frequencies of iNKT cells overexpressing EGFP-Cdc42, EGFP-Cdc42V12, or EGFP-Cdc42N17 with polarized secretion (m) after activation by OCH-pulsed RBL.CD1d cells for 4 h. Data are representative of three independent experiments (l) or are presented as the mean ± SEM of (m) three independent experiments. Scale bars, 2 μm. Dotted lines indicate cell boundaries. Statistical analysis was performed using Student’s t test, the Mann–Whitney U test or one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the Tukey’s post test. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; and ***P < 0.001