Table 2.
Risk of corneal ulcer in the diabetes mellitus (DM) and control groups.
| DM | Control | IRR (95% CI) | P-value | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Corneal ulcer | PY | Incidence ratea | N | Corneal ulcer | PY | Incidence ratea | |||
| All | 238701 | 2549 | 2090353 | 12.19 | 238701 | 1988 | 2078030 | 9.57 | 1.27 (1.20-1.35) | <0.0001 |
| Age at index date (years) | ||||||||||
| 20–50 | 90568 | 1102 | 832987 | 13.23 | 90568 | 864 | 843326 | 10.25 | 1.29 (1.18-1.41) | <0.0001 |
| 50–64 | 85453 | 862 | 768153 | 11.22 | 85453 | 732 | 763355 | 9.59 | 1.17 (1.06-1.29) | 0.0018 |
| ≥65 | 62680 | 585 | 489212 | 11.96 | 62690 | 392 | 471349 | 8.32 | 1.44 (1.27-1.63) | <0.0001 |
| Sex | ||||||||||
| Male | 132772 | 1500 | 1144252 | 13.11 | 132772 | 1142 | 1136159 | 10.05 | 1.30 (1.21-1.41) | <0.0001 |
| Female | 105929 | 1049 | 946101 | 11.09 | 105929 | 846 | 941871 | 8.98 | 1.23 (1.13-1.35) | <0.0001 |
| Baseline comorbidities | ||||||||||
| HTN | 73890 | 686 | 622764 | 11.02 | 26089 | 200 | 223190 | 8.96 | 1.23 (1.05-1.44) | 0.0102 |
| HPL | 24722 | 238 | 219681 | 10.83 | 5952 | 59 | 52681 | 11.20 | 0.97 (0.73-1.29) | 0.8195 |
| CHF | 6411 | 47 | 45760 | 10.27 | 1780 | 12 | 13284 | 9.03 | 1.14 (0.60-2.14) | 0.6915 |
| CAD | 21418 | 188 | 174828 | 10.75 | 7683 | 66 | 64325 | 10.26 | 1.05 (0.79-1.39) | 0.7429 |
| CRD | 5912 | 48 | 41102 | 11.68 | 2215 | 16 | 15401 | 10.9 | 1.12 (0.64-1.98) | 0.6854 |
Note: A Poisson regression analysis was performed to calculate the incidence rate ratio.
Abbreviations: PY, person-years; IRR, incidence rate ratio; CI, confidence interval; HTN, hypertension; HPL, hyperlipidemia; CHF, congestive heart failure; CAD, coronary heart disease; CRD, chronic renal disease.
aIncidence rate: per 10,000 person-years.