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. 2020 May 1;7:71. doi: 10.1038/s41438-020-0292-6

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — a Plot of Cd isotope fractionation Δ^114/110Cd_leaf-tot between cacao leaves and total plants versus mass fraction of Cd present in leaves. The solid line denotes a best-fit Rayleigh fractionation trend that is forced through Δ^114/110Cd_leaf-to: = 0 at f_leaf = 1. This yields an isotope fractionation of Δ^114/110Cd_seq-mob = −0.13‰ between Cd sequestered in roots/stems and Cd mobilised to leaves. The dashed line denotes an open-system isotope fractionation trend with Δ^114/110Cd_seq-mob ≈ −0.13‰; this trend is in accord with some ‘outlier’ results, but provides a poor overall fit for the cacao data. b Plot of Cd isotope fractionation Δ^114/110Cd_shoot-tot between shoots and total plants versus the mass fraction of Cd present in shoots based on literature data for cereals (wheat, barley)^33,34 and Cd accumulators³⁵. The blue and red dashed lines denote best-fit Rayleigh fractionation trends for the two datasets, which are forced through Δ^114/110Cd_shoot-tot = 0 at f_shoot = 1. The trends define Δ^114/110Cd_seq-mob fractionations of −0.30‰ for the cereals and −0.01‰ for the Cd accumulators