TABLE 2.

Otitis media-related differentially expressed genes in rat mucosa treated with ASD or Streptococcus pneumoniae or co-treatment.

Gene function	Gene name	Fold change in ASD	Fold change in Streptococcus pneumoniae	Fold change co-treatment
Host defense against microbial infection	CTSG gene encodes cathepsin G transcript variant X1	0.05	0.07	0.03
	S100a13 gene encodes S100 calcium binding protein A13	0.45	0.48	0.003
	S100a16 gene encodes S100 calcium binding protein A16	1.5	1.5	0.002
	S100a3 gene encodes S100 calcium binding protein A3, transcript variant X2	0.21	0.51	0.21
	S100a8 gene encodes S100 calcium binding protein A8, transcript variant X1	0.42	0.37	0.042
	S100a9 gene encodes S100 calcium binding protein A9, transcript variant X1	0.51	0.26	0.04
	NP-4 gene encodes defensin NP-4 precursor	0.062	0.08	0.03
	DEFB1 gene encodes defensin beta 1	1.7	8.0	0.25
	DEFA5 gene encodes defensin alpha 5, transcript variant X1	0.042	0.01	0.003
	DEFA7 gene encodes defensin alpha 7	0.080	0.090	0.04
	DEFA10 gene encodes defensin alpha 10	0.41	0.38	0.31
	DEFA11 gene encodes defensin alpha 11, transcript variant X1	0.05	0.09	0.07
	RATNP-3B gene encodes defensin RatNP-3 precursor	0.12	0.2	0.07
Inflammatory response	SMAD4 gene encodes SMAD family member 4	1.471	1.439	0.02
	HMOX1 gene encodes the heme oxygenase 1 encoding gene	9.578	22.228	14.609
	CYLD gene encodes deubiquitinase cylindromatosis	Cyld	1.686	1.204
	FBXO11 gene encodes the F-Box protein 11 encoding	2.304	1.198	0.006
	CD14 gene encodes molecule encoding gene	11.958	6.473	12.230
Cytokines and interleukins	TNF gene encodes tumor necrosis factor	117.15	60.40	0.95
	IL1B gene encodes Interleukin 1 beta encoding gene	4257.707	1057.356	788.250
	IL1A gene encodes Interleukin 1 alfa encoding	397.876	98.273	0.953
Apoptosis	Ddit3 encodes DNA-damage inducible transcript 3, transcript variant X2	2.066	3.676	3.846
	Bak1 gene encodes BCL2-antagonist/killer 1, transcript variant X1	2.592	2.314	2.503