TABLE 2.
Demographic characteristics and pulmonary function variables in PLWH by cluster
| Parameter | Cluster 1 N = 125 | Cluster 2 N =193 | Cluster 3 N =40 | P value | Adjusted P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year), median (IQR) | 53 (48–57) | 48 (40–55) | 52 (48–57) | 0.0001 | NA | |
| Gender, female, n (%) | 28 (22) | 73 (38) | 12 (30) | 0.015 | NA | |
| Smoking status, n (%) | 0.30 | |||||
| Never | 35 (28) | 62 (32) | 11 (28) | |||
| Former | 33 (26) | 53 925) | 6 (15) | |||
| Current | 57 (46) | 78 (40) | 23 (58) | |||
| Body-mass index [kg/m2], median (IQR) | 26 (23–30) | 26 (23–30) | 26 (23–31) | 0.81 | NA | |
| Pack-years, median (IQR) | 9 (0–30) | 7 (0–17) | 13 (0–33) | 0.04 | NA | |
| Plasma HIV RNA <40 copies/ml, n (%) | 93 (79) * | 127 (70) ** | 32 (82) *** | 0.047 | NA | |
| CD4+ T lymphocytes/μl, median (IQR) | 555 (341–770) | 622 (442–858) | 810 (476–1014) | 0.0059 | NA | |
| ART, n (%) | 118 (94) | 175 (91) | 38 (95) | 0.38 | NA | |
| ART duration (year), median (IQR) | 5.7 (4.9–6.6) | 5.0 (3.9–6.6) | 6.0 (5.2–6.6) | 0.16 | ||
| Post FEV1%, median (IQR) | 0.91 (0.78–1.04) | 0.95 (0.84–1.07) | 0.84 (0.66–0.92) | 0.0013 | 0.021 | |
| Post FVC%, median (IQR) | 0.92 (0.78–1.01) | 0.95 (0.85–1.07) | 0.86 (0.74–0.93) | 0.002 | 0.027 | |
| Post FEV1/FVC, median (IQR) | 0.80 (0.75–0.84) | 0.81 (0.75–0.85) | 0.79 (0.68–0.83) | 0.20 | 0.29 | |
| DLco%, median (IQR) | 0.77 (0.65–0.87) | 0.82 (0.73–0.92) | 0.73 (0.66–0.83) | 0.0052 | 0.30 | |
Adjusted P value: Adjusted for pack-years; IQR: interquartile range; ART: antiretroviral therapy; Post FEV1%: percent predicted post-bronchodilator (BD) forced expiratory volume in 1 second; Post FVC%: percent predicted post-BD forced vital capacity; DLco%: percent single breath diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide.
*
N = 118,
**
N = 187,
***
N = 39.