The effects of hormonal manipulations on % choice bias in female rats. The results illustrate the positive and the negative affective biases induced by acute treatment with oestradiol, formestane, bisphenol A (panel A) and progesterone, testosterone, flutamide (panel B) in female rats (n = 12). Data shown as mean % choice bias ± SEM, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, one sample t-test against a null hypothesised mean of 0% choice bias.