Figure 7.

Receiver-operator characteristics (ROC) curves for next generation urinary biomarkers compared to traditional clinical chemistry parameters. The area under the ROC curve, which serves as measure for the overall ability of a biomarker to discriminate normal (control) vs. diseased AmB and SM21 treatment (SM21 and its analogue) animals, is given in parenthesis. The pathological lesions were graded from 0–3 to calculate ROC. We defined a ROC-AUC of 0.5–0.6 as showing no predictive ability, a ROC-AUC of 0.6–0.7 as showing poor predictive ability, a ROC-AUC of 0.7–0.8 as showing fair predictive ability, a ROC-AUC of 0.8–0.9 as showing good predictive ability, and a ROC-AUC above 0.9 as showing outstanding predictive ability. An excellent diagnostic performance in our study for clusterin and Kim-1 (AUC- 0.98 and 0.932, respectively) to evaluate comparative nephrotoxicity of AmB compared to control groups and SM21 treatment group [These binomially plotted ROC curves were created using XLSTAT software (Addinsoft, Microsoft)]. Kim-1, Kidney injury molecule-1; NGAL, Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; β2M, β macroglobulin; AmB, Amphotericin B.