Extended Data Fig. 5. Preventing disulfide but not ROS accumulation rescues redox defects and cell death in SLC7A11-overexpressing cells under glucose starvation.

a, b, Measurement of cell death of UMRC6 or 786-O cells cultured in glucose-containing, glucose-free medium or cystine-free medium with or without treatment of 100 μM DFO or 10 μM Ferrostatin-1. c-h, Measurement intracellular levels of cysteine (c), the relative levels of intracellular γ-glutamyl-cystine (d), glutathionyl-cysteine (e), NAC-cysteine (f), GSSG/GSH ratio (g) and ROS levels (h) of UMRC6 cells cultured in glucose-containing or glucose-free medium with or without treatment of 2 mM NAC. i, The solubility of different amino acids. j-n, Measurement intracellular levels of cysteine (j), the relative levels of intracellular γ-glutamyl-cystine (k), glutathionyl-cysteine (l), GSSG/GSH ratio (m) and ROS levels (n) of UMRC6 cells cultured in glucose-containing or glucose-free medium with or without treatment of TCEP. o-t, Measurement intracellular levels of cysteine (o), the relative levels of intracellular γ-glutamyl-cystine (p), glutathionyl-cysteine (q), GSSG/GSH ratio (r), ROS levels (s) and Cysteine-penicillamine (t) of UMRC6 cells cultured in glucose-containing or glucose-free medium with or without treatment of 2 mM D-Penicillamine or L-Penicillamine. u-y, Measurement intracellular levels of cysteine (u), the relative levels of intracellular γ-glutamyl-cystine (v), glutathionyl-cysteine (w), GSSG/GSH ratio (x) and ROS levels (y) of UMRC6 cells cultured in glucose-containing or glucose-free medium with or without treatment of 1 mM 2ME. Except i, all other error bars are mean± s.d., n=3 independent experiments. All p values were calculated using two-tailed unpaired Student’s t-test. Detailed statistical tests are described in the Methods. Numeral data are provided in Statistics Source Data Extended Data Fig. 5.