Figure 2.

Above‐ground production by plant functional group in three different land‐use types in a semi‐arid steppe ecosystem of northern China. GE, grazing exclusion without biomass removal; MW, grazing exclusion with biomass removal by mowing in August; FG, free grazing; AB, annuals and biennials; PR, perennial rhizomes; PB, perennial bunchgrass; PF, perennial forbs; SS, shrubs and semishrubs. Letters above histograms indicate significant differences between plant functional groups within each land‐use type at P < 0·05.