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. 2020 May 1;15(5):e0232630. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232630

Fig 1. Effect of BBR on PA and LPS-induced mRNA expression of proinflammatory mediators in RAW264.7 cells.

Fig 1

RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with BBR (5 μM) for 1 h, then treated with palmitic acid (PA, 0.25 mM) or LPS (25 ng/mL) or both for 6 h. The mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-6, MCP-1, and IL-1β were detected by real-time RT-PCR and normalized to HPRT1 as an internal control as described under Materials and Methods. Values are mean ± S.E. of three independent experiments. Statistical significance relative to vehicle control, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001; relative to LPS, $p<0.05; relative to PA+LPS, #p<0.05. A. TNF-α; B. IL-6; C. IL-1β; D. MCP-1.