Table 2. Sample characteristics.
| Measurement | Athletes | Sedentary |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 22.9 ± 2.7 | 20.9 ± 2.8 |
| Height (m) | 1.87 ± 0.06 | 1.78 ± 5.91 |
| Weight (kg) | 86.7 ± 5.36 | 78.2 ± 7.49 |
| Body mass index (kg·m2-1) | 24.7 ± 1.12 | 24.7 ± 2.83 |
| Body fat (%) | 11.6 ± 2.53 | 17.1 ± 4.64 |
| Compliance (%) | 90.4 ± 4.91 | 91.5 ± 4.38 |
| Dietary intake | ||
| Energy (kcal·day-1) | 2974.5 ± 211.1* | 2177.4 ± 488.1 |
| Vitamin A (μg·day-1) | 300.9 ± 96.8 | 360.8 ± 141.9 |
| Vitamin E (mg·day-1) | 3.50 ± 1.30 | 4.81 ± 0.82 |
| Vitamin C (mg·day-1) | 39.9 ± 17.6 | 45.1 ± 23.1 |
| Vitamin B1 (mg·day-1) | 0.84 ± 0.17 | 0.78 ± 0.32 |
| Vitamin B2 (mg·day-1) | 0.90 ± 0.21 | 0.94 ± 0.36 |
| Vitamin B6 (mg·day-1) | 0.97 ± 0.23 | 0.99 ± 0.32 |
| Vitamin B12 (μg) | 2.50 ± 0.58 | 3.41 ± 2.21 |
| Vitamin D (μg) | 1.78 ± 0.88 | 2.08 ± 0.59 |
| Biotin (μg·day-1) | 2.32 ± 0.81 | 3.04 ± 2.16 |
| Folate (μg·day-1) | 101.5 ± 29.6 | 108.6 ± 37.1 |
| Niacin (mg·day-1) | 13.1 ± 2.63 | 11.3 ± 3.65 |
| Pantothenic acid (mg·day-1) | 2.51 ± 0.54 | 2.38 ± 0.59 |
| Calcium (mg·day-1) | 421.3 ± 112.7 | 442.9 ± 118.3 |
| Phosphorous (mg·day-1) | 566.0 ± 104.2 | 633.7 ± 78.6 |
| Magnesium (mg·day-1) | 126.2 ± 41.7 | 147.6 ± 39.9 |
| Iron (mg·day-1) | 7.56 ± 2.06 | 7.75 ± 1.84 |
| Iodine (μg·day-1) | 35.6 ± 24.1 | 35.4 ± 16.9 |
| Cooper (μg·day-1) | 0.52 ± 0.27 | 0.39 ± 0.15 |
| Manganese (mg·day-1) | 1.55 ± 0.81 | 2.05 ± 1.90 |
| Selenium (μg·day-1) | 32.3 ± 7.10 | 31.67 ± 2.90 |
| Zinc (mg·day-1) | 3.98 ± 3.29 | 6.27 ± 3.70 |
| Biochemical parameters | ||
| Glucose (mg·dL-1) | 85.15 ± 5.67 | 83.12 ± 5.82 |
| Creatinine (mg·dL-1) | 0.92 ± 0.11 | 0.88 ± 0.07 |
| Transferrin (mg·dL-1) | 261.21 ± 27.81 | 274.93 ± 38.71 |
| Prealbumin (mg·dL-1) | 26.76 ± 3.53 | 29.01 ± 6.39 |
| Albumin (mg·dL-1) | 4.68 ± 0.15 | 5.01 ± 0.31 |
| HDL (mg·dL-1) | 58.28 ± 13.58 | 52.25 ± 7.46 |
| LDL (mg·dL-1) | 74.00 ± 22.89 | 93.25 ± 23.85 |
| Triglycerides (mg·dL-1) | 64.50 ± 26.59 | 75.06 ± 27.47 |
| Total cholesterol (mg·dL-1) | 147.86 ± 26.74 | 160.43 ± 25.81 |
All data are expressed as the mean and standard deviation (SD). Micronutrient intake was expressed as nutrient-density per 1000 kcal of energy.
* p < 0.05 Statistically significant differences.