. 2020 Apr 9;230(6):1064–1073. doi: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2020.04.007

Table 1.

Personal Protective Equipment Algorithm for the Operating Room

Scenario	PPE		Notes
Scenario	Anesthesia provider	Surgery/nursing/scrub	Notes
1. COVID-19 person under investigation/confirmed for any operation	Single-use N95 + face shield/goggles or PAPR; gown; double gloves	Single-use N95 + face shield/goggles or PAPR; gown; double gloves	Minimize number of providers present
2. Asymptomatic patient for high-risk operation	Reusable N95 + face shield/goggles or PAPR; gown; double gloves	Reusable N95 + face shield/goggles or PAPR; gown; double gloves	PPE to be worn by all members throughout procedure; minimize number of providers present
3. Asymptomatic patient for low-risk operation involving GA	Reusable N95 + face shield/goggles or PAPR for airway placement; gown; double gloves	Standard PPE if not present for airway placement, otherwise same as anesthesia providers	Non-anesthesia providers leave room for intubation/ extubation and 15 min after; if 15-min interval is not possible (ie cesarean section), follow scenario 2
4. Asymptomatic patient for low-risk operation without GA	Standard PPE	Standard PPE	If risk of conversion to GA is likely, follow scenario 3 from the start

COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; GA, general anesthesia; PAPR, powered air-purifying respirator; PPE, personal protective equipment.