Table 2.
Laboratory parameters of patients with COVID-19.
| Variables | All patients (n = 127) | Non-severe group (n = 111) | Severe group (n = 16) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Immune-inflammatory parameters | ||||
| WBC count (×109) | 5.00 (4.20-6.80) | 5.00 (4.30-6.50) | 5.35 (4.13-7.53) | 0.568 |
| Neutrophil% (%) | 67.20 (60.00-75.10) | 66.50 (59.60-73.90) | 75.70 (64.53-88.98) | 0.018 |
| Lymphocyte% (%) | 23.60 (17.80-30.30) | 24.30 (18.70-31.40) | 17.45 (8.23-22.25) | 0.012 |
| Neutrophil count (×109) | 3.37 (2.54-4.55) | 3.29 (2.54-4.40) | 3.89 (2.25-6.57) | 0.309 |
| Lymphocyte count (×109) | 1.21 (0.87-1.48) | 1.23 (0.90-1.53) | 0.74 (0.47-1.18) | 0.004 |
| Platelet count (×109) | 198.00 (158.00-243.00) | 205.00 (165.00-246.00) | 155.00 (125.75-206.00) | 0.01 |
| NLR | 2.91 (1.95-4.15) | 2.75 (1.90-3.95) | 4.24 (3.00-10.87) | 0.015 |
| PLR | 161.37 (127.04-223.75) | 160.00 (129.64-215.00) | 210.46 (116.33-300.88) | 0.299 |
| D-dimer (ng/ml)* | 100.00 (82.00-163.45) | 100.00 (82.00-158.00) | 160.95 (73.75-282.75) | 0.195 |
| Fibrinogen (mg/dl) | 432.00 (372.40-574.30) | 423.00 (363.00-550.00) | 574.30 (405.30-668.00) | 0.018 |
| Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (mm/h)a | 68.00 (41.50-96.00) | 67.00 (39.50-93.50) | 89.00 (60.50-105.75) | 0.083 |
| Sialic acid (U/L) | 76.20 (68.60-88.40) | 75.10 (67.90-86.60) | 85.75 (82.68-97.38) | 0.01 |
| C-reactive protein (mg/L) | 8.47 (3.18-25.55) | 8.47 (2.79-16.19) | 36.64 (15.33-69.94) | <0.001 |
| Interleukin-2 (pg/ml) | 0.91 (0.54-1.70) | 0.93 (0.55-1.73) | 0.90 (0.47-1.60) | 0.49 |
| interleukin-4 (pg/ml) | 1.88 (1.43-2.55) | 1.87 (1.43-2.55) | 1.99 (1.26-2.73) | 0.777 |
| Interleukin-6 (pg/ml) | 4.26 (2.41-11.78) | 3.82 (2.19-9.87) | 24.11 (1.14-54.37) | <0.001 |
| Interleukin-10 (pg/ml) | 3.13 (2.22-4.84) | 3.13 (2.15-4.57) | 6.41 (3.24-11.02) | 0.001 |
| Interferon-γ (pg/ml) | 1.27 (0.98-1.69) | 1.24 (0.93-1.57) | 1.93 (1.25-2.29) | 0.003 |
| Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (pg/ml) | 1.39 (1.12-1.73) | 1.35 (1.12-1.73) | 1.48 (1.39-1.74) | 0.495 |
| Cardiac dysfunction biomarkers | ||||
| cTnI (ng/ml)b | <0.03 (<0.03-0.04) | <0.03 (<0.03-0.04) | <0.03 (<0.03- < 0.03) | 0.082 |
| NT-proBNP (pg/ml)b | 119.30 (78.38-219.98) | 118.00 (78.38-218.75) | 196.45 (75.85-405.10) | 0.25 |
| Arterial blood gas analysis | ||||
| pHc | 7.45 (7.42-7.48) | 7.45 (7.40-7.48) | 7.47 (7.42-7.49) | 0.234 |
| pO2 (mmHg)c | 84.00 (65.90-113.00) | 102.00 (77.00-123.00) | 63.00 (57.75-74.50) | <0.001 |
| pCO2 (mmHg)c | 37.00 (35.00-42.00) | 40.00 (35.00-43.00) | 35.90 (33.33-37.45) | 0.015 |
| Lactate (mmol/L)c | 1.90 (1.20-2.70) | 1.50 (1.00-2.70) | 2.30 (1.23-2.70) | 0.215 |
Data are presented as medians and inter-quartile ranges.
P values indicated the comparison between non-severe group and severe group.
COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019; WBC: white blood cell; NLR: neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; PLR: platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio; cTnI: cardiac troponin I; NT-proBNP: N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide.
The number of COVID-19 patients who tested D-dimer was 95 and 10 in the non-severe group and severe group, respectively.
The number of COVID-19 patients who tested erythrocyte sedimentation rate was 97 and 12 in the non-severe group and severe group, respectively.
The number of COVID-19 patients who tested cTnI and NT-proBNP was 104 and 16 in the non-severe group and severe group, respectively.
The number of COVID-19 patients who tested pH, pO2, pCO2 and Lactate was 35 and 16 in the non-severe group and severe group, respectively.