Fig. 10. Regulation of thermogenic pathways by the kallikrein–kinin system.

a mRNA expression of genes involved in thermogenesis and adipogenesis in primary brown (n = 6 independent cell culture experiments, except for G_q/BK condition where n = 4) and white adipocytes (n = 3 independent cell culture experiments) exposed to G_q/i inhibitors in presence or absence of bradykinin for 24 h. b Protein kinase A activity in primary brown adipocytes exposed to bradykinin, CL316243 or both for 15 min. Representative picture of electrophoresis assay of phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated PKA substrate and quantification (n = 3 independent cell culture experiments). c Phosphorylation status of p38MAPK (n = 3 independent cell culture experiments, except for WT BK where n = 5 and B1B2R-KO BK and BK/CL where n = 4 and n = 6, respectively) and p65 NFκB (n = 3 independent cell culture experiments, except for WT and B1B2R-KO BK and BK/CL where n = 6) in primary WT and B1B2R-KO brown adipocytes exposed to CL316243, bradykinin or both for 15 min, normalized with total p38MAPK and p65 NFκB. d Schematic representation of the effects of the kallikrein–kinin system in brown/beige adipocytes. Data are presented as means ± s.e.m. (bars). *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 versus corresponding controls; P-values determined by one way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test (c) and two-tailed unpaired Student’s t-test (a, b). Source data are provided as a Source data file.