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. 2019 Mar 25;44(3):475–482. doi: 10.1016/j.jgr.2019.03.001

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

NSC identification and PPD increases NSC migration. (A, B) Primary NSCs were identified by immunofluorescent staining. (A) Schematic diagram indicated the SVZ sampling location (highlighted in yellow). The neurosphere and signal cells subcultured from passage 1 were stained with nestin. Scale bars: 100 μm. (B) After further 7 days of culturing, MAP2-positive and GFAP-positive cells were detected. Scale bars: 50 μm. (C–E) The migration of NSCs was monitored by neurosphere assay after treated with several concentration of PPD for 24h. (C) Image showing the migration distance from the neurosphere, indicated by red arrows. Scale bars: 100 μm. (D) Confocal image visualizing cell migration with the specific markers nestin (green) and MAP2 (red). Scale bars: 100 μm. (E) The migration distance was dose-dependently increased by PPD. Data represent the means ± SD. **p < 0.01, compared with the Ctr group; aap < 0.01, compared with the 10 μM PPD group; bbp < 0.01, compared with the 20 μM PPD group. PPD, 20(S)-protopanaxadiol; NSC, neural stem cell; SVZ, subventricular zone; MAP2, microtubule-associated protein 2; GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein; Ctr, control; SD, standard deviation.