Table 3.
Frequency and Percentage of Articles Assessing MHL Domains
| Total | Population | Intervention | Definition | No Definition | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MHL Domain | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % |
| Recognition | 37 | 41% | 28 | 48% | 9 | 27% | 27 | 66% | 10 | 20% |
| Recognition of a specific mental illnesses based on a vignette by providing the correct diagnostic label | 31 | 34% | ||||||||
| % correct open-ended responses | 20 | 22% | ||||||||
| % correct multiple-choice responses | 11 | 12% | ||||||||
| Recognition of a mental illness as opposed to a physical or spiritual problem | 2 | 2% | ||||||||
| Assessment of recognition using alternative methods e.g. the ability to name or recognise names of mental illnesses | 4 | 4% | ||||||||
| Knowledge | 76 | 84% | 48 | 83% | 28 | 85% | 38 | 93% | 38 | 76% |
| Correct recognition i.e. knowledge of symptoms | 33 | 36% | ||||||||
| Knowledge about mental illnesses | 33 | 36% | 10 | 17% | 23 | 70% | 15 | 37% | 18 | 36% |
| Assessed with correct and incorrect responses | 21 | 23% | ||||||||
| Assessed with attitudinal responses | 12 | 13% | ||||||||
| Knowledge of prevention and promotion of mental health | 23 | 25% | 20 | 35% | 3 | 9% | 14 | 34% | 9 | 18% |
| Assessed with correct and incorrect responses | 1 | 1% | ||||||||
| % of different open-ended responses | 2 | 2% | ||||||||
| Assessed with attitudinal responses | 20 | 22% | ||||||||
| Perceived helpfulness /intentions to use self-help strategies | 15 | 17% | ||||||||
| Beliefs about preventative strategies | 7 | 8% | ||||||||
| Promotion of positive mental health. | 2 | 2% | ||||||||
| Knowledge about help-seeking | 30 | 33% | 24 | 41% | 6 | 18% | 15 | 37% | 15 | 30% |
| Intra-personal knowledge about help-seeking | 13 | 14% | ||||||||
| Inter-personal knowledge about help-seeking | 28 | 31% | ||||||||
| Open-ended items – knowledge of help sources and actions | 22 | 24% | ||||||||
| Multiple-choice items – knowledge of help-seeking actions | 2 | 2% | ||||||||
| Awareness of organisations and services | 6 | 7% | ||||||||
| Mental illness stigma | 50 | 55% | 25 | 43% | 25 | 76% | 21 | 51% | 29 | 58% |
| Intra-personal stigma | 9 | 10% | ||||||||
| Inter-personal stigma | 50 | 55% | ||||||||
| Personal | 50 | 55% | ||||||||
| Perceived | 9 | 10% | ||||||||
| Attitudes and beliefs | 38 | 42% | ||||||||
| Emotional reactions | 13 | 14% | ||||||||
| Behavioural intentions (social distance) | 25 | 27% | ||||||||
| Actual discriminatory behaviours | 3 | 3% | ||||||||
| Help-seeking beliefs | 64 | 70% | 46 | 79% | 18 | 55% | 31 | 76% | 33 | 66% |
| Intra-personal beliefs | 31 | 34% | ||||||||
| Inter-personal beliefs | 57 | 63% | ||||||||
| Confidence and self-perceived help-seeking knowledge | 16 | 18% | ||||||||
| Perceived helpfulness of referrals, help-sources and treatments | 34 | 37% | ||||||||
| Help-seeking intentions | 47 | 52% | ||||||||
| Stigma towards help-seeking | 5 | 5% | ||||||||
| Perceived help-seeking barriers | 9 | 10% | ||||||||
| Actual help-seeking behaviours | 14 | 15% | ||||||||
Note: For total, all % out of 91, for population articles, all % out of 58, for intervention articles, all % out of 33, for definition provided, all % out of 41, for no definition provided, all % out of 50. Articles that assessed the ability to recognise mental illnesses using vignettes based on diagnostic criteria were also coded as measuring knowledge of symptoms