Table 4.
Characteristics of evaluation survey respondents
| Participant characteristics (n[%]) | Crowd-voting (N = 26) |
Focus group (N = 34) |
Delphi survey (N = 63) |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agea(mean [SD]) | 74.36 (4.24) | 75.19 (4.11) | 76.79 (5.94) | 0.03 |
| Sex | 0.65 | |||
| Female | 15 (60%) | 23 (70%) | 37 (61%) | |
| Not reported | 0 | 1 | 2 | |
| Raceb | 0.28 | |||
| Black or African American | 1 (4%) | 7 (24%) | 8 (13%) | |
| Native American Indian or Alaska Native | 1 (4%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander | 1 (4%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Asian | 2 (8%) | 2 (7%) | 1 (2%) | |
| White | 20 (80%) | 20 (69%) | 51 (84%) | |
| Other | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (2%) | |
| Multiple races | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Not reported | 0 | 5 | 2 | |
| Hispanic ethnicity | 0.81 | |||
| Hispanic | 0 (0%) | 1 (3%) | 3 (5%) | |
| Not reported | 2 | 4 | 3 | |
| Educationc | 0.30 | |||
| Less than high school graduate | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (2%) | |
| High school graduate or obtained general equivalent diploma | 1 (4%) | 4 (12%) | 7 (11%) | |
| Associate’s degree | 0 (0%) | 3 (9%) | 6 (10%) | |
| Some college | 6 (24%) | 6 (18%) | 15 (24%) | |
| Four-year college graduate | 7 (28%) | 9 (27%) | 13 (21%) | |
| Professional or graduate degree | 11 (44%) | 11 (33%) | 21 (33%) | |
| Not reported | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Marital statusd | 0.78 | |||
| Married | 14 (56%) | 15 (47%) | 33 (52%) | |
| Living with partner | 0 (0%) | 3 (9%) | 2 (3%) | |
| Divorced | 2 (8%) | 7 (22%) | 9 (14%) | |
| Separated | 1 (4%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Never married | 1 (4%) | 1 (3%) | 2 (3%) | |
| Widowed | 7 (28%) | 6 (19%) | 17 (27%) | |
| Not reported | 0 | 2 | 0 | |
| How long has low back pain been an ongoing problem for you?e | 0.27 | |||
| 3–6 months | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (2%) | |
| 6 months-1 year | 0 (0%) | 1 (3%) | 2 (3%) | |
| 1–5 years | 7 (28%) | 10 (30%) | 24 (40%) | |
| More than 5 years | 18 (72%) | 22 (67%) | 33 (55%) | |
| Not reported | 0 | 1 | 3 | |
| How often has low back pain been an ongoing problem for you over the past 6 months?f | 0.34 | |||
| Less than half the days in the past 6 months | 15 (60%) | 12 (36%) | 33 (53%) | |
| At least half the days in the past 6 months | 3 (12%) | 10 (30%) | 12 (19%) | |
| Every day or nearly every day in the past 6 months | 7 (28%) | 11 (33%) | 17 (27%) | |
| Not reported | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| In the past 7 days how would you rate your low back pain on average? (mean [SD]) | 3.9 (1.82) | 4.9 (2.31) | 4.1 (2.16) | 0.15 |
Note:a) p-value determined from Kruskal-Wallis test; b) p-value for race determined from Chi-square test of White or Caucasian vs. any other race; c) p-value for education determined from Chi-square test of four-year college graduate or more vs. less than four-year college graduate; d) p-value for marital status determined from Chi-square test of married vs. any other status; e) p-value for “how long has low back pain been an ongoing problem for you?” determined from Chi-square test of more than 5 years vs. any other status; f) p-value for “how often has low back pain been an ongoing problem for you over the past 6 months?” determined from Chi-square test of all categories