TABLE IV.
Anti-inflammatory agents assessed in guinea pig hearing loss models. DHEA-S: Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate; TNF: Tumor necrosis factor.
| Drugs | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Glucocorticoids | ||
| Dexamethasone (DEX) | Reduction of noise-induced OHC loss and ABR threshold shifts after cochlear delivery | Takemura et al. (2004) |
| Prevention of hearing loss induced by acoustic trauma after application into RW niche | Chi et al. (2011) | |
| Protective effect in NIHL by trans-RWM delivery | Shih et al. (2019) | |
| No hearing recovery of late intratympanic injection (48 h) after a mild noise trauma | Mamelle et al. (2018) | |
| OTO-104 (DEX) | Effective protection against NIHL by transtympanic administration | Harrop-Jones et al. (2016) |
| Methyl-prednisolone | Reduction of hair cell loss in NIHL by cochlear infusion | Sendowski et al. (2006a) |
| Effective protection against NIHL by intratympanic administration | Zhou et al. (2009) | |
| Effective protection against acute noise trauma by RW administration | Muller et al. (2017) | |
| Prednisolone | ||
| DEX | Intratympanic administration in cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in guinea pigs | Daldal et al. (2007); Murphy and Daniel (2011); Shafik et al. (2013) |
| Prevention of cisplatin induced hearing loss | Sun et al. (2015) | |
| OTO-104 (DEX) | Protection against hearing loss induced by both acute and chronic administration of cisplatin | Fernandez et al. (2016) |
| DEX | No protection against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity by systemic delivery | Waissbluth et al. (2013) |
| Protective effects against cisplatin-induced hearing loss by systemic administration | Sun et al. (2016) | |
| Neurosteroids | ||
| DHEA-S | Protective effect against injury of the cochlea induced by noise | Tabuchi et al. (2005) |
| Cytokines | ||
| TNF-α inhibition (etanercept) | Prevention of NIHL by improvement of cochlear blood flow | Arpornchayanon et al. (2013) |
| Prostaglandin E receptor subtype EP4 agonist | Protection of cochleae against NIHL | Hori et al. (2009) |
| Protective effect on cochleae against NIHL | Hori et al. (2013) | |
| Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor | ||
| Sodium butyrate | Attenuation of gentamicin-induced hearing loss | Wang et al. (2015) |
| Attenuation of noise-induced PTS and OHC loss | Yang et al. (2017) | |