Table 1.
Summary of studies included in the present systematic review of the intraoperative use of MMC as adjuvant treatment in external or endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy
| References | Country | Period | Participants | Concentration of MMC | Time of exposure (min) | Intervention | Stent | Follow-up (month) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ahmad and Hunto [22] | India | NA | 44 (22 MMC/22 control) | 0.2 mg/ml | 30 | Ex-DCR | Yes | 9 |
| Ari et al. [6] | Turkey | 2005–2007 | 100 (50 MMC/50 control) | 0.2 mg/ml | 30 | Ex-DCR | No | 12 |
| Eshraghy et al. [23] | Iran | NA | 88 (42 MMC/46 control) | 0.2 mg/ml | 15 | Ex-DCR | Yes | 10 |
| Gonzalvo et al. [24] | Spain | NA | 17 (9 MMC/8 control) | 0.2 mg/ml | 2 | Ex-DCR | No | 6–18 |
| Javaid et al. [25] | Pakistan | 2017 | 200 (100MMC/100 control) | NA | 5 | Ex-DCR | No | 3 |
| Kao et al. [8] | Taiwan | 1994 | 15 (7 MMC/8 control) | 0.2 mg/ml | 30 | Ex-DCR | Yes | 6 |
| Li and Zhao [26] | China | NA | 47 (25 MMC/22 control) | 0.2 mg/ml | 30 | Ex-DCR | No | 10 |
| Liao et al. [27] | Taiwan | 1995–1998 | 88 (44 MMC/44 control) | 0.2 mg/ml | 30 | Ex-DCR | Yes | 10 |
| Qadir et al. [11] | India | NA | 50 (25MMC/25 control) | 0.2 mg/ml | 5 | Ex-DCR | No | 6 |
| Roozitalab et al. [28] | Iran | 2001–2003 | 130 (65MMC/65 control) | 0.2 mg/ml | 30 | Ex-DCR | No | 6 |
| Shaikh and Hadrawi [29] | Saudi Arabia | 2013–2014 | 200 (100MMC/100 control) | NA | NA | Ex-DCR | NA | 3 |
| Sinha et al. [30] | India | NA | 40 (20MMC/20 control) | 0.2 mg/ml | Irrigation once | Ex-DCR | No | 3 |
| Yalaz [31] | Turkey | 1995–1996 | 40 (20MMC/20 control) | 0.5 mg/ml or 1.0 mg/ml | 5 | Ex-DCR | No | 12–18 |
| Yildirim et al. [32] | Turkey | NA | 40 (20MMC/20 control) | 0.2 mg/ml | 30 | Ex-DCR | Yes | 12–19 |
| Anisseril et al. [33] | India | 2014–2015 | 30 (15MMC/15 control) | 0.5 mg/ml | 2.5 | En-DCR | No | 9 |
| Farahani and Ramezani [12] | Iran | 2006–2007 | 92 (46 MMC/46 control) | 0.2 mg/ml | 3 or 15 | En-DCR | Yes | 12 |
| Ghosh et al. [34] | India | NA | 30 (15 MMC/15 control) | 0.2 mg/ml | 2 | En-DCR | No | 12 |
| Gupta et al. [21] | India | 2013–2016 | 80 (40MMC/40 control) | 0.2 mg/ml | 5 | En-CR | No | 6 |
| Kedilaya et al. [35] | India | 2016–2018 | 112 (56MMC/56 control) | 0.4 mg/dl | 5 | En-DCR | No | 3 |
| Mudhol et al. [4] | India | 2008–2011 | 60 (30 MMC /30 control) | 0.2 mg/ml | 5 | En-DCR | No | 12 |
| Özkiriş and Özkiriş [36] | Turkey | 2007–2009 | 54 (28MMC/26 control) | 0.5 mg/ml | 5 | En-DCR | Yes | 6–24 |
| Prasannaraj et al. [37] | India | 2003–2009 | 38 (18MMC/21 control) | 0.2 mg/ml | 10 | En-DCR | No | 6 |
| Qin et al. [38] | China | NA | 73 (39MMC/34 control) | 0.4 mg/ml | 3 | En-DCR | Yes | 12 |
| Qiu [39] | China | NA | 328 (162MMC/162 control) | 0.2 mg/ml | NA | En-DCR | Yes | 3–36 |
| Tirakunwichcha et al. [40] | Thailand | 2004–2008 | 50 (26MMC/24 control) | 0.5 mg/ml | 3 | En-DCR | Yes | 12 |
| Xie et al. [41] | China | NA | 62 (31MMC/31 control) | 0.2 mg/ml | 10 | En-DCR | No | 6 |
| Wadhera et al. [42] | India | NA | 50 (25MMC/25 control) | 0.5 mg/ml | 5 | En-DCR | No | 12 |
MMC mitomycin-C, mg/ml milligrams per milliliter, NA not available, Ex-DCR external DCR, En-DCR endoscopic DCR