Table 2.
Risk of bias and quality assessment of RCT.
| Item | Yes/no/unclear/not applicable | |
|---|---|---|
| Alcântara-Silva et al. (2018) | Lee et al. (2012) | |
| 1. Was true randomization used for the assignment of participants to treatment groups? | Unclear | Yes |
| 2. Was allocation to treatment groups concealed? | Yes | Unclear |
| 3. Were treatment groups similar at the baseline? | Yes | Yes |
| 4. Were participants blind to treatment assignment? | No | No |
| 5. Were those delivering treatment blind to treatment assignment? | No | No |
| 6. Were outcomes assessors blind to treatment assignment? | Yes | Yes |
| 7. Were treatment groups treated identically other than the intervention of interest? | Unclear | Unclear |
| 8. Was follow-up complete and if not, were differences between groups in terms of their follow-up adequately described and analyzed? | Unclear | Unclear |
| 9. Were participants analyzed in the groups to which they were randomized? | Unclear | Unclear |
| 10. Were outcomes measured in the same way for treatment groups? | Yes | Yes |
| 11. Were outcomes measured in a reliable way? | Yes | Yes |
| 12. Was an appropriate statistical analysis used? | Yes | Yes |
| 13. Was the trial design appropriate, and any deviations from the standard RCT design (individual randomization, parallel groups) accounted for in the conduct and analysis of the trial? | Unclear | Unclear |