Table 1.
Demographic and metabolic characteristics of GDM patients at 24-28 gestational weeks, categorized into tertiles according to TG levels at the time of measurement.
| Variables | Low tertile (<2.14 mmol/L) (N = 171) |
Intermediate tertile (2.14~2.89 mmol/L) (N = 171) |
High tertile (>2.89 mmol/L) (N = 171) |
p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prepregnancy BMI (kg/m2) | 22.12 ± 3.54 | 22.78 ± 3.21∗ | 23.74±3.47∗∗ | 0.0001 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 4.82 ± 0.80 | 4.90 ± 0.79 | 5.25±0.97∗∗ | 0.0001 |
| 1hPG (mmol/L) | 9.73 ± 1.86 | 10.23 ± 1.67 | 10.58±1.94∗∗ | 0.0001 |
| 2hPG (mmol/L) | 8.29 ± 1.81 | 8.68±1.84∗∗ | 9.13±2.03∗∗ | 0.0001 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.28 ± 0.49 | 5.33 ± 0.48 | 5.47±0.58∗∗ | 0.006 |
| GA (%) | 13.60 ± 1.76 | 13.46 ± 2.00 | 13.28 ± 2.09 | 0.396 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 5.15 ± 0.97 | 5.75 ± 1.04 | 5.85 ± 1.23∗ | 0.016 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.88 ± 0.47 | 1.80 ± 0.34 | 1.64±0.34∗∗ | 0.0001 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 3.12 ± 0.72 | 3.25 ± 0.80 | 3.17 ± 0.98 | 0.356 |
| ALT (U/L) | 12.20 (9.43-18.08) | 12.15 (9.30-19.75) | 10.90 (9.05-16.60) | 0.574 |
| AST (U/L) | 16.10 (13.23-19.78) | 16.05 (13.60-20.78) | 15.40 (12.50-19.90) | 0.483 |
| HOMA-β (%) | 123.87 (87.15-167.03) | 139.73 (91.90-198.51) | 124.10 (91.10-179.72) | 0.290 |
| HOMA-IR | 1.49 (0.97-2.33) | 1.89 (1.31-2.75)∗∗ | 2.36 (1.62-3.45)∗∗ | 0.0001 |
Data are expressed as the mean ± SD or median (interquartile range). TG: triglyceride; BMI: body mass index; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; 1hPG: 1 h plasma glucose; 2hPG: 2 h plasma glucose; HbA1c: hemoglobin A1c; GA: glycated albumin; TC: total cholesterol; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance index; HOMA-β: homeostasis model assessment for β cell function. ∗Compared to the low tertile group, p < 0.05. ∗∗Compared to the low tertile group, p < 0.01.