Table 2.
Toxin profiles and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile
| No. of isolates | Underlying disease |
Toxin profile
( tcdA, tcdB / CDT) |
Resistance pattern | Resistance genes | GyrA/GyrB substitution |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Gastrointestinal diseases (15) |
tcdA, tcdB | CD, TET | ermB, tetM | - |
| 2 | tcdA, tcdB | CD, MXF | ermB | GyrA (Thr82→Ile) | |
| 3 | tcdA, tcdB | CD, TET, MXF | ermB, tetM | GyrA (Thr82→Ile) | |
| 4 | tcdA, tcdB / cdtA | CD, TET, MXF | ermB, tetM | GyrB (Asp426→Asn) | |
| 5 | tcdA, tcdB | CD, MXF | - | GyrA (Thr82→Ile) | |
| 6 | tcdA, tcdB | TET | tetM | - | |
| 7 | tcdA, tcdB | CD, TET | ermB, tetM | - | |
| 8 | tcdA, tcdB | TET, MXF | tetW | GyrA (Thr82→Ile) | |
| 9 | tcdA, tcdB | CD, MXF | ermB | GyrA (Thr82→Ile) | |
| 10 | tcdA, tcdB | TET, MXF | tetM, tetW | GyrA (Thr82→Ile) | |
| 11 | tcdA, tcdB | - | - | - | |
| 12 | tcdA, tcdB / cdtA | TET | tetM | - | |
| 13 | tcdA, tcdB / cdtA | TET, MXF | tetM | GyrA (Thr82→Ile) | |
| 14 | tcdA, tcdB | CD, MXF | ermB | GyrA (Thr82→Ile) | |
| 15 | tcdA, tcdB | CD, TET, MXF | ermB, tetM | GyrA (Thr82→Ile) | |
| 16 | Hematologic disorders (10) |
tcdA, tcdB / cdtA | CD | - | - |
| 17 | tcdA, tcdB | CD | ermB | - | |
| 18 | tcdA, tcdB | CD, TET | ermB, tetM, tetW | - | |
| 19 | tcdA, tcdB | CD, TET, MXF | ermB, tetM | GyrB (Asp426→Asn) | |
| 20 | tcdA, tcdB | CD, TET | ermB, tetM | - | |
| 21 | tcdA, tcdB | CD, TET | ermB, tetM | - | |
| 22 | tcdA, tcdB | CD | ermB | - | |
| 23 | tcdA, tcdB | CD, TET | ermB, tetM | - | |
| 24 | tcdA, tcdB | TET, MXF | ermB, tetM | GyrA (Thr82→Ile) | |
| 25 | tcdA, tcdB | CD, TET, MXF | ermB, tetM | GyrA (Thr82→Ile) | |
| 26 | Liver diseases (6) |
tcdA, tcdB | TET | tetM, tetW | - |
| 27 | tcdA, tcdB | CD | ermB | - | |
| 28 | tcdA, tcdB / cdtA | CD, TET | ermB, tetM | - | |
| 29 | tcdA, tcdB, | TET | ermB, tetM | - | |
| 30 | tcdA, tcdB | TET, MXF | tetM | GyrA (Thr82→Ile) | |
| 31 | tcdA, tcdB / cdtA, cdtB | CD, TET, MXF | ermB, tetM | GyrA (Thr82→Ile) | |
| 32 | Kidney diseases (5) |
tcdA, tcdB | CD, MXF | ermB | GyrB (Asp426→Asn) |
| 33 | tcdA, tcdB | CD, TET | tetM | - | |
| 34 | tcdB | CD, TET | tetM | - | |
| 35 | tcdA, tcdB | TET, MXF | tetM | GyrA (Thr82→Ile) | |
| 36 | tcdA, tcdB | TET | ermB, tetM, tetW | - | |
| 37 | Metabolic disorders (4) |
tcdA, tcdB | - | - | - |
| 38 | tcdA, tcdB | - | - | - | |
| 39 | tcdA, tcdB | TET | tetW | - | |
| 40 | tcdB | CD, TET | ermB, tetM | - | |
| 41 | Pneumonia (2) |
tcdA, tcdB | MXF | - | GyrA (Thr82→Ile) |
| 42 | tcdA, tcdB | CD, MXF | ermB | GyrB (Asp426→Asn) | |
| 43 | Eye diseases (2) |
tcdA, tcdB | TET | tetM | - |
| 44 | tcdA, tcdB | - | - | - | |
| 45 | Osteosarcoma (1) |
tcdA, tcdB | CD, TET | ermB, tetM | - |
CD: Clindamycin; TET: Tetracycline; MXF: Moxifloxacin