Table 3.

Relative not Specified

Source	Study design	Subjects (n)	Age range/mean	Relative Disease	Somatic Symptom Measurement	Results
Domenech (2004)	Cross-Sectional	Spain 807	3–5	Illness in relative	Researcher designed questionnaire	More children in the frequently complaining group had relatives with chronic illness (most often asthma)
Poikolainen (1995)	Cross-Sectional	Finland 790 female 639 male	14–20	Serious illness or injury	Researcher designed 18 item symptom score	Serious illness or injury significantly predicted somatic symptoms among females
Moffat (2017)	Cross-sectional	Australia 5,377	9–14	Family member seriously affected with disability or long term illness; depression or mental illness; using alcohol or drugs	HBSC Symptom Checklist	Greater percentage of youth with family health concerns report symptoms than those without family health concerns (significance not reported). Proportion of symptom load is lowest for disability or chronic illness