Boxplots of cognitive function, and self-reported balance confidence, physical activity, and physical function for participants without carotid artery stenosis (black boxes), with moderate stenosis (50%−69% diameter reducing) (red boxes) and with high-grade stenosis (70%−99% diameter reducing) (blue boxes). Median, central line in the box; top line, upper quartile (75th percentile), lower quartile (25th percentile), mean is central square. The ends of the whiskers (vertical lines) indicate the minimum and maximum values. *Adjusted P values based on logistic regression. ABC, Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; PASE, Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly; SF12, Medical Outcome Survey Short Form 12 Physical Function Component.