Table 3.

Key findings across demographic and harms index variables

	M	SD	M	SD	t	P	Cohen’s d
	Democrats (n = 216)		Republicans (n = 208)
Jail time scale	1.84	1.09	2.97	1.33	−9.56	<0.001	0.93
IOS scale	2.61	1.10	1.94	1.10	6.21	<0.001	0.61
AOM scale	7.43	1.27	6.60	1.91	5.23	<0.001	0.51
	Liberals (n = 227)		Conservatives (n = 205)
Jail time scale	1.82	1.08	3.00	1.30	−10.14	<0.001	0.99
IOS scale	2.62	1.12	1.90	1.09	6.76	<0.001	0.65
AOM scale	7.40	1.29	6.61	1.91	4.97	<0.001	0.48
	Control gun ownership (n = 266)		Protect gun rights (n = 202)
Jail time scale	1.94	1.12	2.99	1.36	−8.93	<0.001	0.84
IOS scale	2.52	1.11	1.97	1.14	5.27	<0.001	0.49
AOM scale	7.41	1.19	6.49	2.03	5.75	<0.001	0.55
	Disapprove immigration raids (n = 276)		Approve immigration raids (n = 192)
Jail time scale	1.80	1.01	3.23	1.29	−12.84	<0.001	1.23
IOS scale	2.61	1.14	1.81	1.02	7.88	<0.001	0.74
AOM scale	7.42	1.21	6.41	2.02	6.21	<0.001	0.61
	Oppose death penalty (n = 208)		Favor death penalty (n = 260)
Jail time scale	1.89	1.12	2.79	1.36	−7.87	<0.001	0.72
IOS scale	2.53	1.13	2.08	1.14	4.23	<0.001	0.40
AOM scale	7.56	1.07	6.57	1.91	7.06	<0.001	0.64

The top two panels are demographic measures; the bottom three panels are harms index items. A nominal liberal versus conservative distinction was based on the conservatism scale (liberal coded as 1 to 3 and conservative coded as 5 to 7; midpoint values [4] were excluded). For the jail time scale, participants selected immigrants to spend 1) no time in jail, days, weeks, months, years, or 6) life in prison, and were averaged across participants.