Table 1.

Demographic characteristics of patients with PD and control subjects

Variable	PD	Normal	p value
Number	103	106
Gender (M/F)	44/59	48/58	0.781
Age (year)	60.43 ± 9.12	58.16 ± 8.45	0.064
Male	60.16 ± 11.01	57.81 ± 9.88	0.284
Female	60.63 ± 7.51	58.45 ± 7.12	0.110
Disease duration (year)	3.10 ± 3.31
Treatment duration (month)	16.12 ± 20.10
Current daily dose (mg)	424.04 ± 402.90
UPDRS I	3.17 ± 2.55
UPDRS II	10.24 ± 7.64
UPDRS III	24.70 ± 16.19
UPDRS 176	37.23 ± 24.28
Modified H&Y stage	2.10 ± 1.11
S&E scale	82.60 ± 18.24
Inflammatory parameters	n = 99	n = 59
Apoptotic neutrophils (%)	1.11 ± 0.89	0.74 ± 0.56	0.005*
Apoptotic monocytes (%)	5.30 ± 6.30	2.97 ± 4.05	0.012*
Apoptotic lymphocytes (%)	0.73 ± 0.52	0.49 ± 0.40	0.002*
Total apoptotic leukocytes (%)	1.73 ± 1.20	1.13 ± 0.74	0.001*
Nuclear DNA (ng/mL)	32.69 ± 26.36	19.99 ± 14.41	0.002*
Mitochondrial DNA (ng/mL)	42.51 ± 36.34	51.41 ± 120.47	0.393
ICAM-1	207.77 ± 77.39	213.09 ± 59.46	0.734
VCAM-1	738.10 ± 286.68	640.92 ± 143.86	0.025*
P-selectin	96.30 ± 21.17	84.47 ± 20.58	0.001*
L-selectin	860.98 ± 175.11	955.84 ± 218.81	0.008*
E-selectin	36.53 ± 18.53	34.54 ± 14.81	0.526

Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Age data were compared by independent t test. Gender data were compared by Pearson chi-square test. The inflammatory parameters data were compared by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) after controlling for age and gender

UPDRS, Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale; H&Y stage, Hoehn and Yahr stage; S&E scale, Schwab and England scale

*p < 0.05