Table 1:
Select cohort characteristics by biologic exposure
| Abatacept N = 1764 |
Adalimumab N = 2002 |
Etanercept N = 2954 |
Infliximab N = 3391 |
Rituximab N = 423 |
Tocilizumab N = 389 |
Total N = 10923 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medicare Cohort | 1369 (77.6%) | 1284 (64.1%) | 1836 (62.2%) | 2798 (82.5%) | 337 (79.7%) | 305 (78.4%) | 7929 (72.6%) |
| Female | 1517 (86.0%) | 1640 (81.9%) | 2410 (81.6%) | 2799 (82.5%) | 363 (85.8%) | 335 (86.1%) | 9064 (83.0%) |
| Age | 66.4 (10.4) | 62.1 (11.1) | 62.7 (11.0) | 68.3 (10.0) | 64.1 (11.2) | 66.1 (11.5) | 65.1 (11.0) |
| Year 2011–2015 | 1186 (67.2%) | 1096 (54.7%) | 1637 (55.4%) | 1807 (53.3%) | 263 (62.2%) | 389 (100.0%) | 6378 (58.4%) |
| Surgery Type | |||||||
| Primary knee | 1136 (64.4%) | 1298 (64.8%) | 1892 (64.0%) | 2238 (66.0%) | 260 (61.5%) | 253 (65.0%) | 7077 (64.8%) |
| Primary hip | 457 (25.9%) | 485 (24.2%) | 706 (23.9%) | 831 (24.5%) | 115 (27.2%) | 105 (27.0%) | 2699 (24.7%) |
| Revision knee | 92 (5.2%) | 118 (5.9%) | 179 (6.1%) | 212 (6.3%) | 29 (6.9%) | 21 (5.4%) | 651 (6.0%) |
| Revision hip | 79 (4.5%) | 101 (5.0%) | 177 (6.0%) | 110 (3.2%) | 19 (4.5%) | 10 (2.6%) | 496 (4.5%) |
| Glucocorticoid average dose past 90 days | |||||||
| None | 898 (50.9%) | 1170 (58.4%) | 1746 (59.1%) | 2013 (59.4%) | 201 (47.5%) | 195 (50.1%) | 6223 (57.0%) |
| ≤ 5mg | 510 (28.9%) | 531 (26.5%) | 771 (26.1%) | 842 (24.8%) | 113 (26.7%) | 110 (28.3%) | 2877 (26.3%) |
| > 5 to 10mg | 273 (15.5%) | 235 (11.7%) | 324 (11.0%) | 427 (12.6%) | 78 (18.4%) | 63 (16.2%) | 1400 (12.8%) |
| > 10mg | 83 (4.7%) | 66 (3.3%) | 113 (3.8%) | 109 (3.2%) | 31 (7.3%) | 21 (5.4%) | 423 (3.9%) |
| Current biologic course duration (years) | 1.3 [0.7–2.4] | 1.5 [0.8,2.7] | 1.7 [0.9,3.1] | 2.1 [1.2–3.9] | 0.9 [0.4,1.9] | 0.9 [0.5,1.5] | 1.6 [0.9,3.0] |
| Prior biologics | |||||||
| 0 | 770 (43.7%) | 1556 (77.7%) | 2498 (84.6%) | 2922 (86.2%) | 158 (37.4%) | 76 (19.5%) | 7980 (73.1%) |
| 1 | 712 (40.4%) | 392 (19.6%) | 367 (12.4%) | 371 (10.9%) | 155 (36.6%) | 130 (33.4%) | 2127 (19.5%) |
| ≥ 2 | 282 (16.0%) | 54 (2.7%) | 89 (3.0%) | 98 (2.9%) | 110 (26.0%) | 183 (47.0%) | 816 (7.5%) |
| Methotrexate past 90 days | 687 (38.9%) | 914 (45.7%) | 1232 (41.7%) | 1877 (55.4%) | 153 (36.2%) | 119 (30.6%) | 4982 (45.6%) |
| HCQ/SSA/LEF past 90 days | 488 (27.7%) | 464 (23.2%) | 657 (22.2%) | 657 (19.4%) | 120 (28.4%) | 73 (18.8%) | 2459 (22.5%) |
| Charlson Score | 0 [0,3] | 0 [0,2] | 0 [0,2] | 1 [0,3] | 1 [0,3] | 1 [0,3] | 1 [0,2] |
| Diabetes | 315 (17.9%) | 313 (15.6%) | 429 (14.5%) | 574 (16.9%) | 73 (17.3%) | 75 (19.3%) | 1779 (16.3%) |
| Hypertension | 944 (53.5%) | 971 (48.5%) | 1393 (47.2%) | 1841 (54.3%) | 221 (52.2%) | 223 (57.3%) | 5593 (51.2%) |
| COPD/Asthma | 246 (13.9%) | 227 (11.3%) | 384 (13.0%) | 406 (12.0%) | 73 (17.3%) | 60 (15.4%) | 1396 (12.8%) |
| Chronic kidney disease | 106 (6.0%) | 87 (4.3%) | 123 (4.2%) | 190 (5.6%) | 23 (5.4%) | 29 (7.5%) | 558 (5.1%) |
| Hospitalizations past year | |||||||
| 0 | 1321 (74.9%) | 1575 (78.7%) | 2322 (78.6%) | 2625 (77.4%) | 299 (70.7%) | 289 (74.3%) | 8431 (77.2%) |
| 1–2 | 307 (17.4%) | 284 (14.2%) | 407 (13.8%) | 579 (17.1%) | 87 (20.6%) | 70 (18.0%) | 1734 (15.9%) |
| ≥ 3 | 136 (7.7%) | 143 (7.1%) | 225 (7.6%) | 187 (5.5%) | 37 (8.7%) | 30 (7.7%) | 758 (6.9%) |
| Hospitalized infection past year | 116 (6.6%) | 107 (5.3%) | 155 (5.2%) | 183 (5.4%) | 31 (7.3%) | 28 (7.2%) | 620 (5.7%) |
| ED visits past year | |||||||
| 0 | 1162 (65.9%) | 1329 (66.4%) | 2024 (68.5%) | 2269 (66.9%) | 270 (63.8%) | 238 (61.2%) | 7292 (66.8%) |
| 1 | 384 (21.8%) | 404 (20.2%) | 533 (18.0%) | 719 (21.2%) | 97 (22.9%) | 84 (21.6%) | 2221 (20.3%) |
| 2–3 | 166 (9.4%) | 203 (10.1%) | 296 (10.0%) | 326 (9.6%) | 35 (8.3%) | 51 (13.1%) | 1077 (9.9%) |
| > 3 | 52 (2.9%) | 66 (3.3%) | 101 (3.4%) | 77 (2.3%) | 21 (5.0%) | 16 (4.1%) | 333 (3.0%) |
N (%), median [interquartile range], or mean (standard deviation). Select characteristics available in both Medicare and MarketScan are shown. Full list of characteristics included in the propensity scores in Medicare and MarketScan available in Appendix Tables 3–4. 157/1764 (8.9%) of abatacept and 14/389 (3.6%) of tocilizumab is subcutaneous. HCQ = hydroxychloroquine, SSA = sulfasalazine, LEF = leflunomide, COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease