Table 3.
Baseline variables of the participants (randomised to the exercise group) by exercise adherence status
| Compliers (≥24 exercise sessions), n = 58 | Non-compliers (0–23 exercise sessions), n = 52 | Miss-ing | p-value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | n | % | Mean (SD) | n | % | |||
| Running figure-of-eight; seconds | 7.7 (1.0) | 8.0 (1.2) | 9 | 0.20 | ||||
| One-legged squat; (0–12 reps) | 9.9 (2.3) | 8.9 (2.9) | 2 | 0.043 | ||||
| 6MWT; metres | 623.0 (43.8) | 603.4 (56.2) | – | 0.048 | ||||
| Quality of life | ||||||||
| Physical functioning (0–100) | 87.3(11.1) | 83.4 (13.4) | 4 | 0.17 | ||||
| General health (0–100) * | 70.2(16.4) | 64.5 (17.5) | 4 | 0.08 | ||||
| Workability index (3–27) | 22.2 (2.6) | 21.9 (2.9) | 0.20 | |||||
| PHQ-9 (0–27) | 7.4 (4.5) | 8.5 (5.3) | 1 | 0.29 | ||||
| Musculoskeletal exertion (7–35) * | 12.2 (3.8) | 13.5(4.0) | 2 | 0.10 | ||||
| FABs total (0–78) | 23.2 (12.9) | 27.3(14.5) | 7 | 0.07 | ||||
| FAB-PA; (0–30) | 12.6(6.9) | 15.4 (6.4) | 1 | 0.019 | ||||
| LBP intensity; (VAS 0–100) | 36.9 (19.9) | 35.9 (19.9) | 1 | 0.79 | ||||
| Education level | – | 0.026 | ||||||
| low (secondary school or less) | 14 | 24.1 | 23 | 44.2 | ||||
| medium or high | 44 | 75.9 | 29 | 55.8 | ||||
| Work type | – | 0.023 | ||||||
| regular work | 24 | 41.4 | 11 | 21.2 | ||||
| shift work | 34 | 58.6 | 41 | 78.8 | ||||
| Profession | – | 0.052 | ||||||
| assistant nurse | 18 | 31.0 | 25 | 48.1 | ||||
| nurse | 31 | 53.4 | 25 | 48.1 | ||||
| other (radiographer, PT, midwife) | 9 | 15.5 | 2 | 3.8 | ||||
| Sub-study | – | 0.042 | ||||||
| Sub-study I | 9 | 15.5 | 18 | 34.6 | ||||
| Sub-study II | 22 | 37.9 | 19 | 36.5 | ||||
| Sub-study III | 27 | 46.6 | 15 | 28.8 | ||||
| Perceived health in comparison to others of the same age and sex; ° | – | 0.14 | ||||||
| moderate | 20 | 34.5 | 25 | 48.1 | ||||
| good or very good | 38 | 65.5 | 27 | 51.8 | ||||
| Frequency of LBP; ° | 8 | 0.12 | ||||||
| on some days of the week | 21 | 38 | 25 | 54 | ||||
| on most days | 26 | 46 | 12 | 26 | ||||
| daily | 9 | 16 | 9 | 20 | ||||
*normal distribution, independent samples t-test, Mann–Whitney U test, ° χ2 test. FAB-PA physical activity-related fear-avoidance beliefs, LBP low back pain, PHQ-9 Nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire measuring depression, PT physical therapist, VAS visual analogue scale of 0–100 during the past 4 weeks