Table 4.
Combined effects of metabolic syndrome and SES (primarily education level and household income) for depression in male and female
| Characteristics | Male | Female | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model1a | Model2b | Model3c | Model1a | Model2b | Model3c | |||||||
| OR (95% CI) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value | |
| Education level & Metabolic syndrome | ||||||||||||
| College or more & No | 1.00 | <.0001 | 1.00 | <.0001 | 1.00 | <.0001 | 1.00 | <.0001 | 1.00 | 0.0001 | 1.00 | 0.02 |
| College or more & Yes | 2.26 (0.76–6.74) | 2.18 (0.73–6.48) | 1.96 (0.66–5.83) | 3.40 (1.80–6.41) | 3.16 (1.63–6.13) | 2.55 (1.28–5.10) | ||||||
| High school & No | 2.41 (1.13–5.15) | 2.12 (1.01–4.49) | 2.13 (0.91–4.99) | 2.02 (1.45–2.81) | 1.69 (1.20–2.37) | 1.45 (0.10–2.10) | ||||||
| High school & Yes | 6.30 (2.61–15.21) | 4.90 (2.07–11.57) | 4.29 (1.75–10.53) | 4.00 (2.51–6.38) | 2.96 (1.78–4.91) | 2.53 (1.43–4.48) | ||||||
| Middle schools & No | 9.23 (3.63–23.46) | 6.31 (2.62–15.23) | 8.43 (3.25–21.84) | 4.14 (2.56–6.71) | 2.80 (1.70–4.61) | 2.39 (1.35–4.23) | ||||||
| Middle schools & Yes | 10.11 (3.52–29.04) | 6.98 (2.30–21.12) | 11.84 (3.62–38.68) | 3.82 (2.00–7.30) | 2.46 (1.20–5.08) | 2.45 (1.21–4.96) | ||||||
| Elementary school or less & No | 25.31 (10.79–59.40) | 15.60 (6.59–36.90) | 13.87 (5.22–36.84) | 5.25 (3.25–8.49) | 3.16 (1.88–5.30) | 2.31 (1.25–4.28) | ||||||
| Elementary school or less & Yes | 19.81 (7.44–52.74) | 13.97 (5.10–38.25) | 14.74 (4.69–46.28) | 5.28 (3.15–8.84) | 2.74 (1.54–4.83) | 2.81 (1.52–5.22) | ||||||
| Household income & Metabolic syndrome | ||||||||||||
| Higha No | 1.00 | <.0001 | 1.00 | 0.001 | 1.00 | 0.001 | 1.00 | <.0001 | 1.00 | <.0001 | 1.00 | <.0001 |
| Higha Yes | 1.10 (0.41–2.96) | 1.27 (0.47–3.44) | 0.91 (0.34–2.45) | 2.69 (1.55–4.67) | 2.36 (1.34–4.15) | 2.30 (1.22–4.34) | ||||||
| Middlea No | 1.24 (0.67–2.29) | 0.87 (0.46–1.63) | 0.67 (0.31–1.43) | 2.09 (1.54–2.83) | 1.71 (1.25–2.33) | 1.91 (1.33–2.74) | ||||||
| Middlea Yes | 2.14 (1.07–4.29) | 1.54 (0.72–3.29) | 1.60 (0.66–3.88) | 3.02 (2.02–4.50) | 2.16 (1.94–3.36) | 2.69 (1.64–4.41) | ||||||
| Lowa No | 6.70 (3.49–12.84) | 2.81 (1.45–5.45) | 2.62 (1.22–5.63) | 4.22 (2.85–6.23) | 2.67 (1.76–4.05) | 2.94 (1.77–4.87) | ||||||
| Lowa Yes | 8.85 (3.96–19.78) | 3.48 (1.43–8.43) | 3.01 (1.13–8.01) | 5.93 (3.54–9.91) | 3.13 (1.82–5.39) | 4.05 (2.18–7.53) | ||||||
aModel1: adjusted for age
bModel2: adjusted for age, education level, income, marital status, moderate physical activity more than, smoking status, alcohol consumption, prevalence of chronic diseases
cModel3: adjusted for age, education level, income, marital status, moderate physical activity more than, smoking status, alcohol consumption, prevalence of chronic diseases, history of depression