Table 2.
Mortality RRs (95% CI) associated with a 10 ppb increase in O3: single pollutant and PM2.5-adjusted models
| Cause of death | Single pollutant modela | PM2.5-adjusted modelb |
|---|---|---|
| All-cause | 1.013 (1.012–1.014) | 1.004 (1.003–1.006) |
| Accidental | 0.998 (0.991–1.006) | 1.010 (1.002–1.017) |
| All cardiovascular | 1.027 (1.025–1.028) | 1.005 (1.003–1.007) |
| IHD | 1.043 (1.041–1.045) | 1.008 (1.006–1.011) |
| CBV | 1.012 (1.008–1.016) | 0.993 (0.989–0.997) |
| CHF | 1.052 (1.045–1.060) | 1.063 (1.055–1.071) |
| All respiratory | 1.036 (1.032–1.039) | 1.030 (1.027–1.034) |
| COPD | 1.065 (1.060–1.069) | 1.072 (1.067–1.077) |
| Pneumonia | 1.024 (1.018–1.030) | 0.990 (0.984–0.996) |
| All cancer | 1.000 (0.998–1.003) | 0.995 (0.993–0.998) |
| Lung cancer | 1.016 (1.011–1.020) | 1.015 (1.010–1.020) |
Time period: 2000–2008, USA
RR risk ratio, CI confidence interval, PM2.5 particles with aerodynamic diameters <2.5 μm, IHD ischemic heart disease, CBV cerebrovascular disease, CHF congestive heart failure, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Risk ratios are age, gender and race stratified, and adjusted for state of residence
aWarm-season average of daily 1-h maximum ozone concentrations
bModels adjusted for 1-year moving average PM2.5 exposures