Barbeau 2007.

Methods	Design: randomized controlled trial Theoretical framework: unstated Number of intervention groups: 1 Number of control groups: 1 Follow‐up: immediately following intervention
Participants	N (intervention): 118 N (control): 83 Age (mean): 9.5 years Sex: female Ethnicity: African‐American
Interventions	Country: US Setting: school, unstated whether urban or rural Provider: classroom teachers and teaching assistants Duration: 10 months Intervention: 10‐month after‐school physical activity (PA) program on body composition and cardiovascular fitness in young black girls, offered every school day during the school year with transportation (i.e. school bus service) provided to encourage participation. 30 min of homework time while subjects received a free, healthy snack, and 80 min of PA. Snacks were individually packaged, and every day offered something salty (e.g. crackers and cheese), something sweet (e.g. low‐fat cookies), or a fruit or vegetable. Subjects chose 1 snack with the option of another if they wished. The PA included 25 min of skill development, 35 min of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), with 20 min of toning and stretching. Subjects wore Polar Accurex Plus HR monitors (Port Washington, NY) every day and were instructed to maintain their heart rate above 150 beats/min during the MVPA. MVPA activities included games such as basketball, tag, softball, relay races, etc., modified for activity of all subjects through the 35‐min period. Subjects received small weekly prizes for behavior and attitude, and for having no more than 1 unexcused absence. A student of the month in each school received a slightly larger prize with the prizes intended to reward good behavior, participation, and effort. Parents were called when students had 2 consecutive unexcused absences, with reasons discussed and parents encouraged to send their daughter back to the program. Teachers mostly worked the intervention in their own school and in some cases were assigned to work in a different school. Teachers received formal training with background information on childhood obesity, PA, and cardiovascular risk factors, study goals, and the study protocol and types of activities appropriate for each segment of the intervention. Role playing was a large component of the training; teachers were asked to prepare a lesson plan for 1 day and did a shortened simulation of it, so feedback could be provided. A Manual of Procedures for each school included all information needed to implement the intervention, including several potential activities. Teachers hired after the training received one‐on‐one training on the theoretical aspects and observed several sessions before their own implementation Control: not specified
Outcomes	Duration of physical activity BMI (kg/m2) VO2ax (mL/kg/minute)
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Comment: randomization process not reported
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Low risk	Comment: allocation occurred after testing, therefore concealed. It was not known or determined at time of entry to study which group the next participant would go
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Comment: no information given, likely not done
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	High risk	Comment: incomplete outcome data not addressed
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	Comment: all outcomes identified a priori were reported on
Confounders controlled?	High risk	Comment: important variables like socioeconomic status not assessed or controlled for
Data collection methods valid and reliable?	High risk	Comment: reliability and validity of most outcomes not stated