Singh 2009.
Methods | Design: cluster randomized controlled trial Theoretical framework: Intervention Mapping Protocol Number of intervention groups: 1 Number of control groups: 1 Follow‐up: 1 year post‐intervention | |
Participants | N: 875 Age (mean): 12.7 years Sex: male and female Ethnicity: : White |
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Interventions | Country: Netherlands Setting: school, unstated whether urban or rural Provider: teachers although unclear Duration: 8 months Intervention: an interdisciplinary program with adapted curriculum including an individual component (11 lessons in biology and physical education) and environmental change component including encouragement for schools to increase physical education and provision of advice for schools related to cafeteria changes Control: regular curriculum | |
Outcomes | Body mass index (kg/m2) Television viewing (minutes spent engaged in inactivity) |
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Notes | ||
Risk of bias | ||
Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Comment: randomization process not reported |
Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Low risk | Comment: criterion not applicable because all participants were allocated at 1 point in time following recruitment, so at time of recruitment allocation was not known |
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes | High risk | Quote: "all measurements were performed within a 6‐week period according to a standardized protocol by a trained research team, which was not blinded to the group assignment" (Singh 2009, p310) |
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Quote: "all analyses were performed according to the intention‐to‐treat principle" (Singh 2009, p311) |
Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Low risk | Comment: all outcomes identified a priori were reported on |
Confounders controlled? | Low risk | Comment: all relevant confounders were accounted for |
Data collection methods valid and reliable? | Low risk | Comment: more detail on reliability and validity could be given |