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. 2013 Feb 28;2013(2):CD007651. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007651.pub2

Singh 2009.

Methods Design: cluster randomized controlled trial 
 Theoretical framework: Intervention Mapping Protocol 
 Number of intervention groups: 1 
 Number of control groups: 1 
 Follow‐up: 1 year post‐intervention
Participants N: 875
Age (mean): 12.7 years 
 Sex: male and female 
 Ethnicity: : White
Interventions Country: Netherlands 
 Setting: school, unstated whether urban or rural 
 Provider: teachers although unclear 
 Duration: 8 months 
 Intervention: an interdisciplinary program with adapted curriculum including an individual component (11 lessons in biology and physical education) and environmental change component including encouragement for schools to increase physical education and provision of advice for schools related to cafeteria changes 
 Control: regular curriculum
Outcomes Body mass index (kg/m2)
Television viewing (minutes spent engaged in inactivity)
Notes  
Risk of bias
Bias Authors' judgement Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias) Unclear risk Comment: randomization process not reported
Allocation concealment (selection bias) Low risk Comment: criterion not applicable because all participants were allocated at 1 point in time following recruitment, so at time of recruitment allocation was not known
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) 
 All outcomes High risk Quote: "all measurements were performed within a 6‐week period according to a standardized protocol by a trained research team, which was not blinded to the group assignment" (Singh 2009, p310)
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) 
 All outcomes Low risk Quote: "all analyses were performed according to the intention‐to‐treat principle" (Singh 2009, p311)
Selective reporting (reporting bias) Low risk Comment: all outcomes identified a priori were reported on
Confounders controlled? Low risk Comment: all relevant confounders were accounted for
Data collection methods valid and reliable? Low risk Comment: more detail on reliability and validity could be given