Trevino 2004.
| Methods | Design: randomized controlled trial Theoretical framework: Social Cognitive Theory, Social Ecological Theory Number of intervention groups: 1 Number of control groups: 1 Follow‐up: immediately post‐intervention | |
| Participants | N (intervention): 619
N (control): 602 Age (mean): 9.8 years Sex: male and female Ethnicity: Hispanic |
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| Interventions | Country: US Setting: school, urban Provider: teachers Duration: 7 months Intervention: 50 sessions of health programing across 7 months to transmit to children 3 health behavior messages associated with diabetes mellitus control (decreased dietary saturated fat intake, increase dietary fiber intake, increase physical activity). Taught and reinforced through classroom, home, school cafeteria, and after‐school care educational activities. Physical education teachers, parents, school cafeteria staff, and after‐school care staff were asked to encourage less dietary saturated fat, more fiber intake and more physical activity, to have less saturated fat and more fiber available, and more physical activity available. Children were asked to set goals aimed at accomplishing the targeted behaviors and to keep records of their accomplishments. Children were also asked to encourage their peers and adult caretakers to practice 3 health behaviors. Children and parents who practiced the 3 health behaviors were rewarded with coupons (worth a $$ amount) from a store set up in the school. Students could purchase merchandise with the coupons Control: not specified | |
| Outcomes | VO2max (mL/kg/minute) | |
| Notes | ||
| Risk of bias | ||
| Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
| Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Low risk | Comment: randomization took place using a random number table |
| Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Low risk | Comment: methods ensured that no one could foresee intervention assignment |
| Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Quote: "principals of schools were informed and asked not to inform students, parents or school staff of the intervention assignment" (Trevino 2004, p912) |
| Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Comment: outcome data complete |
| Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Low risk | Comment: all outcomes identified a priori were reported on |
| Confounders controlled? | Low risk | Comment: all relevant outcomes were accounted for |
| Data collection methods valid and reliable? | Unclear risk | Comment: reliability and validity of data collection methods not specifically stated |