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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Demography. 2019 Aug;56(4):1463–1493. doi: 10.1007/s13524-019-00790-6

Figure 4. Average (A) Unemployment Rate and (B) Percentage of Goods-Producing Businesses for all 381 Metropolitan Statistical Areas between 1990–2014.

Figure 4.

Note: Shaded areas represent NBER designated recessionary periods (http://www.nber.org/cycles.html): (1) July 1990-March 1991, (2) March 2001-November 2001, and (3) December 2007-June 2009.