Table 1.
Summary of Endogenous Metabolite Changes in APAP-treated Pigs Relative to Controls Across All Matrices at the Pre- and Post-ALF Timepoints
| Sample Matrix | Metabolite Changes Pre-ALF | p Value | Adjusted p Value (q) | Metabolite Changes Post-ALF | p Value | Adjusted p Value (q) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plasma | Pyruvate | .0001 | .0002 | Pyruvate | .0005 | .0006 |
| Lactate | .002 | .0012 | Lactate | <.0001 | .0002 | |
| Glucose | .0172 | .009 | Glucose | <.0001 | <.0001 | |
| Glutamine | .0002 | .0007 | Glutamine | .0018 | .0037 | |
| Tyrosine | <.0001 | .0002 | Alanine | .0047 | .308 | |
| Citrate | <.0001 | .0002 | ||||
| Urine | Dimethylamine | .0637 | .0418 | Dimethylamine | .0012 | .0046 |
| Trimethylamine | <.0001 | .0001 | Trimethylamine | <.0001 | .0001 | |
| Choline | .0025 | .0286 | Glucose | <.0001 | .0004 | |
| Creatine | .0003 | .0011 | Creatine | .0075 | .0073 | |
| Creatinine | .0006 | .0068 | ||||
| Lactate | .0001 | .0012 | ||||
| Liver | No significant changes | Creatine | <.0001 | <.0001 | ||
| Isobutyrate | .0117 | .0245 | ||||
| Succinate | <.0001 | <.0001 | ||||
| Inosine | .0088 | .0184 | ||||
| Alanine a | .0236 | .0743 | ||||
| Lactate a | .224 | .706 | ||||
| Kidney | No data | Glucose | .0003 | Not applicable | ||
| Sucinate | .0074 | |||||
| Alanine | .0104 | |||||
ALF occurred at 17.5 ± 2.7-h postonset of APAP treatment. Pre-ALF refers to all time points prior to ALF and post-ALF to all time points after ALF. Normal type, metabolite decrease; Bold, metabolite increase.
a
Changes not statistically significant.