Table 2. Genotype and allele frequencies of UCP2 -866G/A and Ins/Del polymorphisms in T1DM patients with UAE > 30 mg/24h (DKD cases) and in T1DM patients with UAE < 30 mg/24h (T1DM controls).
| Polymorphisms | T1DM controls | DKD cases | OR (95% CI)/Unadjusted P- value* | Adjusted OR (95% CI)/† P- value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| -866G/A | n = 223 | n = 162 | ||
| Genotype | ||||
| G/G | 77 (34.5) | 61 (37.7) | 1 | 1 |
| G/A | 107 (48.0) | 72 (44.4) | 0.849 (0.542 - 1.332)/ 0.477 | 0.779 (0.447 – 1.359)/ 0.379 |
| A/A | 39 (17.5) | 29 (17.9) | 0.939 (0.522 – 1.687)/ 0.832 | 1.263 (0.628 – 2.541)/ 0.513 |
| Allele | ||||
| G | 0.59 | 0.60 | 0.706 | - |
| A | 0.41 | 0.40 | ||
| Recessive model | ||||
| G/G + G/A | 184 (82.5) | 133 (82.1) | 1 | 1 |
| A/A | 39 (17.5) | 29 (17.9) | 1.029 (0.606 – 1.747)/ 0.917 | 1.449 (0.771 – 2.723)/ 0.249 |
| Additive model | ||||
| G/G | 77 (66.4) | 61 (67.8) | 1 | 1 |
| A/A | 39 (33.6) | 29 (32.2) | 0.939 (0.522 – 1.687)/ 0.832 | 1.313 (0.634 – 2.717)/ 0.463 |
| Dominant model | ||||
| G/G | 77 (34.5) | 61 (37.7) | 1 | 1 |
| G/A + A/A | 146 (65.5) | 101 (62.3) | 0.873 (0.573 – 1.330)/ 0.528 | 0.900 (0.538 – 1.506)/ 0.689 |
| Ins/Del | n = 222 | n = 156 | ||
| Genotype | ||||
| Del/Del | 107 (48.2) | 82 (52.6) | 1 | 1 |
| Ins/Del | 93 (41.9) | 59 (37.8) | 0.828 (0.536 – 1.279)/ 0.394 | 0.710 (0.411 – 1.225)/ 0.219 |
| Ins/Ins | 22 (9.9) | 15 (9.6) | 0.890 (0.435 – 1.822)/ 0.749 | 1.453 (0.616 – 3.551)/ 0.393 |
| Allele | ||||
| Del | 0.69 | 0.71 | 0.492 | - |
| Ins | 0.31 | 0.29 | ||
| Recessive model | ||||
| Ins/Del + Del/Del | 200 (90.1) | 141 (90.4) | 1 | 1 |
| Ins/Ins | 22 (9.9) | 15 (9.6) | 0.967 (0.485 – 1.930)/ 0.924 | 1.705 (0.749 – 3.881)/ 0.204 |
| Additive model | ||||
| Del/Del | 107 (82.9) | 82 (84.5) | 1 | 1 |
| Ins/Ins | 22 (17.1) | 15 (15.5) | 0.890 (0.435 – 1.822)/ 0.749 | 1.276 (0.545 – 2.990)/ 0.574 |
| Dominant model | ||||
| Del/Del | 107 (48.2) | 82 (52.6) | 1 | 1 |
| Ins/Del + Ins/Ins | 115 (51.8) | 74 (47.4) | 0.840 (0.557 – 1.265)/ 0.403 | 0.821 (0.493 – 1.367)/ 0.448 |
| Presence of the UCP2 mutated haplotype | (n = 209) | (n = 150) | ||
| 0 or 1 mutated allele | 110 (52.6) | 83 (55.3) | 1 | 1 |
| 2 mutated alleles | 63 (30.2) | 44 (29.4) | 0.926 (0.573 – 1.494)/ 0.752 | 0.751 (0.411 – 1.372)/ 0.352 |
| 3 or 4 mutated alleles | 36 (17.2) | 23 (15.3) | 0.847 (0.467 – 1.536)/ 0.584 | 1.207 (0.593 – 2.458)/ 0.604 |
Data are shown as number (%) or proportion. DKD: diabetic kidney disease; T1DM: type 1 diabetes mellitus; UAE: urinary albumin excretion. *P-values were calculated using Chi-square tests. † P-values and OR (95% CI) obtained using logistic regression analyses adjusting for ethnicity, HbA1c, serum creatinine (logarithmic scale), and triglycerides (logarithmic scale).