FIGURE 1.

Study diagram. Children with severe malaria (CM or SMA) were enrolled from the Paediatric Acute Care Unit at Mulago Hospital, Kampala. Healthy CC from the same village or household compound as children with severe malaria were also enrolled. Any child with ZPP  ≥ 80 μmol/mol heme was randomly assigned to start a 3-mo course of daily oral ferrous sulfate (2 mg/kg) at baseline (immediate arm, standard of care) or 28 d later (delayed arm). Children with ZPP < 80 μmol/mol heme were not randomly assigned to receive iron. CC, community children; CM, cerebral malaria; D, delayed; I, immediate; LTF, lost to follow-up; SMA, severe malarial anemia; ZPP, zinc protoporphyrin.