TABLE 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of randomly assigned study children by study group and treatment arm1
| CM | SMA | CC | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Immediate | Delayed | Immediate | Delayed | Immediate | Delayed |
| n | 39 | 40 | 39 | 38 | 19 | 16 |
| Age, y | 3.1 ± 1.0 | 3.1 ± 1.0 | 2.9 ± 1.1 | 2.7 ± 0.9 | 2.9 ± 1.0 | 3.0 ± 0.7 |
| Female | 16 (41) | 21 (53) | 17 (44) | 14 (37) | 11 (58) | 13 (81) |
| Weight-for-age z score | −1.2 ± 1.1 | −1.4 ± 0.8 | −1.6 ± 1.1 | −1.5 ± 1.1 | −1.0 ± 0.8 | −1.2 ± 1.1 |
| Height-for-age z score | −0.7 ± 1.6 | −1.3 ± 1.2 | −1.2 ± 1.8 | −1.5 ± 1.3 | −1.0 ± 0.8 | −1.5 ± 0.9 |
| Weight-for-height z score2 | −0.9 ± 1.2 | −0.8 ± 1.3 | −1.1 ± 1.3 | −0.8 ± 1.0 | −0.7 ± 0.8 | −0.3 ± 1.1 |
| Socioeconomic status score3 | 10.3 ± 3.6 | 10.0 ± 3.4 | 9.6 ± 2.9 | 9.0 ± 2.7 | 10.0 ± 2.6 | 10.6 ± 2.9 |
| Home environment z score | 0.1 ± 1.1 | 0.0 ± 1.1 | −0.2 ± 0.8 | −0.1 ± 1.1 | 0.0 ± 0.8 | 0.1 ± 1.0 |
| Maternal education level | ||||||
| Primary 6 or lower | 12 (31) | 18 (45) | 15 (38) | 15 (39) | 6 (31) | 3 (19) |
| Primary 7 | 8 (21) | 5 (12) | 9 (23) | 6 (16) | 7 (37) | 6 (37) |
| Secondary or higher | 18 (46) | 8 (20) | 14 (36) | 16 (42) | 6 (31) | 7 (44) |
| Not known | 1 (2) | 9 (23) | 1 (3) | 1 (3) | — | — |
| Paternal education level | ||||||
| Primary 6 or lower | 7 (18) | 5 (12) | 7 (18) | 12 (32) | 3 (16) | 2 (12) |
| Primary 7 | 6 (15) | 7 (18) | 11 (28) | 2 (5) | 5 (26) | 2 (12) |
| Secondary or higher | 18 (46) | 14 (35) | 18 (46) | 20 (53) | 10 (53) | 10 (63) |
| Not known | 8 (21) | 14 (35) | 3 (8) | 4 (10) | 1 (5) | 2 (12) |
| Child with preschool education | 9 (24) | 8 (25) | 6 (16) | 6 (17) | 3 (16) | 2 (13) |
| HIV-positive at baseline | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Plasmodium falciparum on admission blood smear | 39 (100) | 40 (100) | 39 (100) | 38 (100) | 2 (11) | 2 (13) |
1
Values are means ± SDs or n (%) unless otherwise indicated. CC, community children; CM, cerebral malaria; SMA, severe malarial anemia.
2
n = 37 for SMA delayed.
3
n = 38 for CM immediate, n = 38 for SMA immediate; n = 32 for CM delayed, n = 37 for SMA delayed, n = 16 for CC delayed.