TABLE 3.
Proportions of urinary metabolites of inorganic arsenic by socioeconomic, anthropometric, and biochemical characteristics of the Salud Ambiental Montevideo study participants (n = 290)1
| Variables | n (%) | %iAs1 | %MMA2 | %DMA2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All participants | 290 (100) | 11.5 ± 5.8 | 9.8 ± 3.6 | 78.7 ± 7.4 |
| Age, mo | ||||
| <81 | 132 (45.5) | 12.2 ± 6.5 | 10.3 ± 3.7 | 77.5 ± 7.6 |
| ≥81 | 158 (54.5) | 10.9 ± 5.2 | 9.4 ± 3.4 | 79.7 ± 7.1 |
| P value2 | 0.07 | 0.04 | 0.01 | |
| Sex | ||||
| Girls | 131 (45.2) | 12.0 ± 5.7 | 9.6 ± 3.6 | 78.4 ± 7.5 |
| Boys | 159 (54.8) | 11.1 ± 5.9 | 10.0 ± 3.6 | 79.0 ± 7.3 |
| P value3 | 0.17 | 0.45 | 0.49 | |
| Height-for-age z-score | ||||
| <0.37 | 145 (50.0) | 11.6 ± 5.9 | 10.1 ± 3.8 | 78.3 ± 7.3 |
| ≥0.37 | 145 (50.0) | 11.4 ± 5.7 | 9.5 ± 3.4 | 79.1 ± 7.5 |
| P value3 | 0.81 | 0.16 | 0.39 | |
| Weight-for-age z-score | ||||
| <0.68 | 143 (49.3) | 11.9 ± 5.8 | 10.3 ± 3.7 | 78.0 ± 7.3 |
| ≥0.68 | 147 (50.7) | 11.1 ± 5.8 | 9.4 ± 3.4 | 79.6 ± 7.4 |
| P value3 | 0.24 | 0.03 | 0.05 | |
| Total urinary arsenic4, µg/L | ||||
| <9.9 | 145 (50.0) | 13.6 ± 6.2 | 10.5 ± 3.5 | 75.9 ± 6.8 |
| ≥9.9 | 145 (50.0) | 9.3 ± 4.4 | 9.1 ± 3.5 | 81.5 ± 6.8 |
| P value2 | <0.0001 | <0.001 | <0.0001 | |
1
DMA, dimethylarsinic acid; iAs, inorganic arsenic; MMA, monomethylarsonic acid.
2
Values presented as mean ± SD.
3
Obtained from independent t tests.
4
Measured as the sum of iAs, MMA, and DMA, then adjusted for urinary specific gravity.