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. 2020 May 4;10:7478. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-63441-6

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Model evaluation: Visual Predictive Checks. (A) Kaplan Meier plot of OS probability. The solid blue line represents raw data while the blue shaded area cover the 95% prediction interval calculated from 1000 simulated studies. (B) VPC of the selected biomarker model. Median (solid line), $5^{t h}$ and $95^{t h}$ percentiles (dashed lines) of the observed data. 95% confidence Intervals for median (shaded colored area), $5^{t h}$ and $95^{t h}$ percentiles (shaded grey areas) of the simulated data.