TABLE 1.
Normal control (n = 28) | PD (n = 60) | ||
Gender (male/female) | 8/20 | 21/39 | 0.619 |
Age (years) | 61.1 ± 4.9 | 62.8 ± 9.1 | 0.174 |
Cognitive impairment (%)* | 0 | 78% | <0.001 |
Disease duration (years) | N.A. | 1 (0.0, 3.0) | |
MMSE* | 29.0 (28.0, 29.0) | 26 (22.0, 27.0) | <0.001 |
CDR* | 0 | 0.50 (0.00, 0.50) | <0.001 |
CDR sum of box* | 0 | 0.50 (0.00, 2.00) | <0.001 |
Modified Hoehn and Yahr scale, mean | N.A. | 2.00 (0.00, 2.50) | |
UPDRS I, mean | N.A. | 3.00 (2.00, 5.00) | |
UPDRS II, mean | N.A. | 9.00 (6.00, 12.00) | |
UPDRS III, mean | N.A. | 20.00 (16.00, 34.00) | |
UPDRS total, mean | N.A. | 32.00 (23.00, 48.00) | |
α-synuclein (pg/ml)* | 0.06 (0.02, 0.08) | 1.35 (0.88, 1.98) | <0.001 |
Aβ1-40 (pg/ml)* | 56.45 (48.78, 65.05) | 35.73 (31.71, 41.83) | 0.018 |
Aβ1-42 (pg/ml) | 14.37 (13.42, 17.91) | 18.05 (16.00, 21.60) | 0.539 |
T-Tau (pg/ml)* | 14.67 (11.02, 22.48) | 31.87 (26.06, 3733) | <0.001 |
Mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range). In clinical characteristics, gender was analyzed by using chi-square. Age, MMSE, CDR and CDR sum of box were analyzed by using the Mann–Whitney U test. PD = Parkinson’s disease; UPDRS = The Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale; MMSE = Mini-Mental State Examination; CDR = Clinical Dementia Rating; * = P < 0.05 vs. normal control.