FIGURE 2.

Residence time and noise. (A) Mean fluctuation size in the number of protein molecules (y axis) at different levels of induction as a function of residence time (x axis). (B–D) Example time trajectories of the number of protein molecules N_P at three different levels of induction. Analyses of (E) mean number of protein (${\overline{N}}_P$) (F) mean and coefficient of variation of the frequency of protein production events. (B–D) Red and blue lines show data for short (1 s) and a long (1 h) residence times, respectively. (A,E,F) High (TF = 10^–7M), intermediate (TF = 10^–9M), and low (TF = 10^–11M) levels of induction are indicated in the color legend below the figure.