Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients.
| Variables |
Derivation cohort (n = 477) |
Validation cohort (n = 143) |
|---|---|---|
| Patient factors/Laboratory parameters | ||
| Age [year, median (IQR)] | 58 (49.5–64) | 59 (51–67) |
| Male gender, n (%) | 227 (47.6) | 83 (58) |
| HBsAg [positive, n (%)] | 139 (29.1) | 35 (24.6) |
| HCV, n (%) | 2 (0.4) | 2 (1.4) |
| Hepatolithiasis, n (%) | 83 (17.4) | 12 (8.4) |
| Child–Pugh score, n (%) | ||
| 5 | 407 (85.3) | 125 (87.4) |
| 6 | 66 (13.8) | 15 (10.5) |
| 7 | 7 (0.4) | 3 (2.1) |
| Ascites, n (%) | 47 (9.9) | 5 (3.5) |
| ALB [g/L, mean (SD)] | 42.7 (4.6) | 41.7 (4.1) |
| TBIL [μmol/L, mean (SD)] | 14.3 (8.5) | 14.2 (7.7) |
| ALP [U/L, mean (SD)] | 136.6 (95.1) | 135.3 (76.1) |
| ALBI grade, n (%) | ||
| 1 | 387 (81.1) | 103 (72) |
| 2 | 90 (18.9) | 40 (28) |
| AAPR grade, n (%) | ||
| 1 (>0.348) | 293 (61.4) | 76 (53.1) |
| 2 (≤0.348) | 184 (38.6) | 67 (46.9) |
| CA19-9 | ||
| <22, n (%) | 137 (28.7) | 37 (25.9) |
| ≥22, n (%) | 330 (69.2) | 105 (73.4) |
| Not available | 10 (2.1) | 1 (0.7) |
| Histological and gross features of tumors | ||
| Tumor size [cm, mean (SD)] | 6 (2.7) | 6.1 (2.4) |
| Solitary tumor, n (%) | 337 (70.6) | 88 (61.5) |
| Tumor differentiation | 17/55 | 10/67 |
| Well | 12 (2.5) | 5 (3.5) |
| Moderate | 362 (75.9) | 113 (79) |
| Poor | 78 (16.4) | 22 (15.4) |
| Not available | 25 (5.2) | 3 (2.1) |
| Macrovascular invasion, n (%) | 106 (22.2) | 52 (36.4) |
| Microvascular invasion, n (%) | 51 (10.7) | 14 (9.8) |
| Cirrhosis, n (%) | 136 (28.5) | 20 (14) |
| Prognostic outcome | ||
| Overall survival, months, mean (95% CI) | 24.9 (23.0, 26.8) | 30.5 (26.7, 34.2) |
ALBI, albumin–bilirubin; AAPR, albumin-to-alkaline phosphatase ratio; ALB, albumin; TBIL, total bilirubin; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; CA19-9, carbohydrate antigen 19-9; IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation; CI, confidence interval.