TABLE 3.
Virus productions associated with evasion from cGAS-STING pathway.
| Virus | Proteins | Targets | Functions | References |
| HSV-1 | UL41 | cGAS | Selectively degrading cGAS mRNA | (316) |
| VP22 | cGAS | Blocking cGAS enzymatic activity | (317) | |
| UL37 | cGAS | Deamidation | (318) | |
| UL46 | STING | NA | (319) | |
| γ1 34. 5 Protein | STING | Blocking translocation of STING | (320) | |
| CMV | UL31 | cGAS | Disassociating DNA from cGAS | (321) |
| UL83 | cGAS | Inhibiting cGAMP producing | (322) | |
| UL48 | STING | Cleaving K63-linked ubiquitin of STING | (323) | |
| UL82 | STING | Disrupting the STING-iRhom2-TRAPβ translocation complex | (324) | |
| m152 | STING | Blocking STING trafficking to Golgi | (325) | |
| US9 | STING | Disrupting STING oligomerization | (326) | |
| KSHV | ORF52 | cGAS | Inhibiting cGAS enzymatic activity and interfering interaction between the HDP-RNP and cGAS | (139, 327) |
| LANA | cGAS | Blocking cGAS enzymatic activity | (328) | |
| vIRF1 | STING | Blocking TBK1–STING interaction | (329) | |
| Coronavirus | PLPro | STING | Inducing an incomplete autophagy and degration of STING and blocking STING-TRAF3-TBK1 complex formation and ubiquitination of STING | (330) |
| Poxvirus | F17 | cGAS | Disrupting mTOR pathway to promote cGAS degradationa and blocking STING trafficking | (331) |
| STING | Disrupting mTOR pathway to block STING trafficking | |||
| Poxins | cGAMP | Hydrolyzing cGAMP | (332) | |
| Zika virus | NS1 | cGAS | Cleaving K11-linked polyubiquitin chains from caspase-1 to promote the cleaving of cGAS | (333) |
| NS2B3 | STING | Promoting degration of STING | (334) | |
| Dengue virus | NS2B | cGAS | Promoting autophagy-dependent cGAS degradation | (335) |
| HPV | E7 | STING | Inhibiting STING with LXCXE motif | (336) |
| adenovirus | E1A | STING | Inhibiting STING with LXCXE motif | (336) |
| Influenza A virus | FP | STING | Blocking STING dimerization | (337) |
| HCV | NS4B | STING | Blocking interaction between STING and TBK1 | (338, 339) |
| HBV | Pol | STING | Decreasing K63-linked polyubiquitination of STING | (340) |
| HIV | vpx | STING- NF-κB | Selectively suppressing STING-mediated NF-κB signaling | (341) |
HSV, herpes simplex virus; CMV, cytomegalovirus; iRhom2, inactive rhomboid protein 2; TRAPβ, translocon-associated protein β; KSHV, kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpes virus; HDP-RNP, HEXIM1-DNA-PK-paraspecklecomponents-ribonuclear protein complex; LANA, latency-associated nuclear antigen; vIRF1, viral interferon regulatory factor 1; PLPro, papain-like protease; LC3, light chain3; mTOR, mechanistic target of rapamycin; TRAF3, TNF receptor associated factor 3; HCV, hepatitis c virus; HPV, human papilloma virus; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; NF-κB, nuclear factor-κB.